Interferon‐γ activation of polymorphonuclear neutrophil function

Abstract

SUMMARYAs current research illuminates the dynamic interplay between the innate and acquired immune responses, the interaction and communication between these two arms has yet to be fully investigated. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and interferon-c (IFN-c) are known critical components of innate and acquired immunity, respectively. However, recent studies have demonstrated that these two components are not entirely isolated. Treatment of PMNs with IFN-c elicits a variety of responses depending on stimuli and environmental conditions. These responses include increased oxidative burst, differential gene expression, and induction of antigen presentation. Many of these functions have been overlooked in PMNs, which have long been classified as terminal phagocytic cells incapable of protein synthesis. As this review reports, the old definition of the PMN is in need of an update, as these cells have demonstrated their ability to mediate the transition between the innate and acquired immune responses.

The Effects of Acute Exposure to Deoxynivalenol on Some Inflammatory Parameters in Miniature Pigs

“…This is consistent with the report that IL-8 induces a rapid increase in blood neutrophils from bone marrow [30]. The effects of DON on the function of neutrophils in vivo have never been investigated before, although neutrophils are the first cells to respond to infection and direct the subsequent responses of other immune cell types such as T cells, B cells and macrophages [9]. This is the first report on the effects of DON on neutrophil function in pigs.…”

“…We previously reported the elevated expression of IL-1β and IL-6 genes at 6 hr post-injection (PI) in the spleen and thymus and the decrease of IL-18 expression at 24 hr PI in the spleens of piglets acutely exposed to DON at 1 mg/kg bw [13], but the serum concentrations of cytokines were not examined. Neutrophils play an important role in the transition between innate and acquired immune responses [9]. DON has been found to suppress the chemiluminescence of porcine neutrophils in vitro [27], suggesting the involvement of DON in affecting innate immune responses.…”

NKT Cell Activation Mediates Neutrophil IFN-γ Production and Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

“…APCs regulate this process through the production of IL-12. Additionally, IFN-␥ is also known to play a critical role in the activation of neutrophils even though this concept has been overlooked (49). Activated neutrophils can then secrete preformed IFN-␥ and/or produce more IFN-␥ through enhanced transcription (35).…”

T-Cell Properties Determine Disease Site, Clinical Presentation, and Cellular Pathology of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

“…28,34 Furthermore, IFN-␥ has been shown to down-regulate IL-8 production by human neutrophils. 59,60 Tissue damage and demyelination are most likely because of superoxide radicals and reactive oxygen intermediates produced by neutrophils.…”