Interferometric measurement of micro-g acceleration with levitated atoms

Carli, Andrea Di; Colquhoun, Craig D.; Kuhr, Stefan; Haller, Elmar

doi:10.1088/1367-2630/ab1bbd

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Details of our experimental apparatus and cooling sequence can be found in earlier publications [17,18]. A BEC of approximately 12,000 cesium atoms [18] in the Zeeman sub- state |F = 3, m F = 3 is trapped in the dipole potential of two crossed laser beams, L H and L V , with trap frequencies ω x,y,z = 2π × (40(1), 40(1), 5.3(1)) Hz ( Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…For a strong interaction gradient with L a ≤ L w , the shape of the matter wave is changed and local self-amplifying feedback effects can be expected. Details of our experimental apparatus and cooling sequence can be found in earlier publications [15,16]. A BEC of approximately 12,000 cesium atoms in the Zeeman sub-state |F = 3, m F = 3 is trapped in the dipole potential of two crossed laser beams, L H and L V , with trap frequencies ω x,y,z = 2π × (40(1), 40(1), 5.3(1)) Hz (Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Collisionally Inhomogeneous Bose-Einstein Condensates with a Linear Interaction Gradient

et al. 2020

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We study the evolution of a collisionally inhomogeneous matter wave in a spatial gradient of the interaction strength. Starting with a Bose-Einstein condensate with weak repulsive interactions in quasi-one-dimensional geometry, we monitor the evolution of a matter wave that simultaneously extends into spatial regions with attractive and repulsive interactions. We observe the formation and the decay of soliton-like density peaks, counter-propagating self-interfering wave packets, and the creation of cascades of solitons. The matter-wave dynamics is well reproduced in numerical simulations based on the nonpolynomial Schrödinger equation with three-body loss, allowing us to better understand the underlying behaviour based on a wavelet transformation. Our analysis provides new understanding of collapse processes for solitons, and opens interesting connections to other nonlinear instabilities.

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Collisionally Inhomogeneous Bose-Einstein Condensates with a Linear Interaction Gradient

et al. 2020

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“…1(a)]. A vertical magnetic field gradient is used to levitate the atoms against gravity, and a homogeneous magnetic field allows us to tune the s-wave scattering length a s with a magnetic Feshbach resonance [50,51]. To study weakly interacting atoms, we create a BEC with approximately 2 × 10 5 atoms in state F = 3, m F = 3 at a s = 210 a 0 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Floquet solitons and dynamics of periodically driven matter waves with negative effective mass

Mitchell,

Di Carli,

Leon

et al. 2021

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We experimentally study the dynamics of a weakly interacting Bose-Einstein condensate of cesium atoms in a 1D optical lattice with a periodic driving force. The time evolution is analysed after a quench of the driving strength which leads to an inversion of the dispersion relation in the lattice band and to a redistribution of atoms in the 1st Brillouin zone (BZ). We use the concept of a negative effective mass and the resulting changes to the effective trapping potential and interaction strength to explain the time evolution of wave packets with weak repulsive interaction. In addition, the formation of stable wave packets with a negative effective mass is observed at the center of the BZ, and we interpret these as gap solitons in a periodically driven system.

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“…An additional magnetic offset field allows us to tune the scattering length by means of a broad magnetic Feshbach resonance [20]. Details about our experimental setup, the levitation scheme and the removal of atoms can be found in refer- ences [16,21].…”

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“…A double-peak structure in the density profile can indicate the generation of a third-order soliton, fragmentation due to quantum effects, or simply an insufficient technical control of our quench parameters. For our setup, the control of horizontal magnetic field gradients to avoid longitudinal accelerations is especially challenging [21]. The percentage of images that show a splitting of the wave packet increases for longer evolution times, and we indicate their fraction in Fig.…”

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Excitation Modes of Bright Matter-Wave Solitons

et al. 2019

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We experimentally study the excitation modes of bright matter-wave solitons in a quasi-one-dimensional geometry. The solitons are created by quenching the interactions of a Bose-Einstein condensate of cesium atoms from repulsive to attractive in combination with a rapid reduction of the longitudinal confinement. A deliberate mismatch of quench parameters allows for the excitation of breathing modes of the emerging soliton and for the determination of its breathing frequency as a function of atom number and confinement. In addition, we observe signatures of higher-order solitons and the splitting of the wave packet after the quench. Our experimental results are compared to analytical predictions and to numerical simulations of the one-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation.The dispersionless propagation of solitary waves is one of the most striking features of nonlinear dynamics, with multiple applications in hydrodynamics, nonlinear optics and broadband long-distance communications [1]. In fiber optics, one-dimensional (1D) "bright" solitons, i.e. solitons presenting a local electric field maximum with one-dimensional propagation, have been observed [2]. They exhibit a dispersionless flow and excitation modes such as breathing or higher-order modes [2][3][4]. Matter waves can also display solitary dispersion properties. Typically, bright matter-wave solitons are created in quasi-1D systems by quenching the particle interaction in a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) from repulsive to attractive [5]. Recent experiments demonstrated the collapse [6], collisions [7], reflection from a barrier [8], and the formation of trains [9-11] of bright solitons.In this letter, we experimentally study the excitation modes of a single bright matter-wave soliton. In previous studies, other dynamical properties have been observed, such as center-of-mass oscillations of solitons in an external trap [7], excitations following the collapse of attractive BECs [6,12], and quadrupole oscillations of attractive BECs in three dimensions (3D) [13]. Here, we probe the fundamental breathing mode of a single soliton by measuring its oscillation frequency and the time evolution of its density profile. In addition, we observe signatures of higher-order matter-wave solitons, which can be interpreted as stable excitations with periodic oscillations of the density profile and phase, or as a bound state of overlapping modes [3,14].The shape-preserving evolution of a matter-wave soliton is due to a balancing of dispersive and attractive terms in the underlying 3D Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE) [15]. For quasi-1D systems with tight radial confinement, we can approximate the matter wave in the 3D-GPE by the product of a Gaussian wave function for the radial direction and a function f (z) for the longitudinal direction (see [16]). Depending on the ansatz for the Gaussian with either constant or varying radial sizes, f (z) satisfies either the 1D-GPE or the non-polynomial Schrödinger equation (NPSE) [17]. We reference to the analytical solutions of the 1D-G...

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Interferometric measurement of micro-g acceleration with levitated atoms

Cited by 8 publications

References 47 publications

Collisionally Inhomogeneous Bose-Einstein Condensates with a Linear Interaction Gradient

Collisionally Inhomogeneous Bose-Einstein Condensates with a Linear Interaction Gradient

Floquet solitons and dynamics of periodically driven matter waves with negative effective mass

Excitation Modes of Bright Matter-Wave Solitons

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