“…Different spreading techniques were reported, such as direct sequence and frequency hopping. Among them, the DSSS modulation system is widely used in many applications for the low probability of intercept [19,123], STFT [55,124], WVD [18,56], local polynomial FT [57], product high-order ambiguity function [125], Radon-Wigner transform [126], FrFT [127,128] and so on.…”