Interfacing the Urban Land–Atmosphere System Through Coupled Urban Canopy and Atmospheric Models

Jooho, Song; Wang, Zhihua

doi:10.1007/s10546-014-9980-9

Cited by 68 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…This has altered the surface energy and moisture balance of these urban areas and led to environmental issues such as the urban heat island (UHI) effect, human thermal discomfort, air quality degradation, and microclimate modification [2][3][4][5][6][7]. To alleviate urban thermal stress, to promote urban ecosystem services, and to improve human and environmental health, various heat mitigation and energy saving strategies are applied, including employing reflective/white roof, adding photovoltaics to capture the solar energy, and using vegetation to create urban green infrastructure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Cooling Benefits of Tree Shade by an Outdoor Urban Physical Scale Model at Tempe, AZ

Zhao¹,

Yang²,

Wang³

et al. 2018

Urban Science

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Urban green infrastructure, especially shade trees, offers benefits to the urban residential environment by mitigating direct incoming solar radiation on building facades, particularly in hot settings. Understanding the impact of different tree locations and arrangements around residential properties has the potential to maximize cooling and can ultimately guide urban planners, designers, and homeowners on how to create the most sustainable urban environment. This research measures the cooling effect of tree shade on building facades through an outdoor urban physical scale model. The physical scale model is a simulated neighborhood consisting of an array of concrete cubes to represent houses with identical artificial trees. We tested and compared 10 different tree densities, locations, and arrangement scenarios in the physical scale model. The experimental results show that a single tree located at the southeast of the building can provide up to 2.3 • C hourly cooling benefits to east facade of the building. A two-tree cluster arrangement provides more cooling benefits (up to 6.6 • C hourly cooling benefits to the central facade) when trees are located near the south and southeast sides of the building. The research results confirm the cooling benefits of tree shade and the importance of wisely designing tree locations and arrangements in the built environment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Cooling Benefits of Tree Shade by an Outdoor Urban Physical Scale Model at Tempe, AZ

Zhao¹,

Yang²,

Wang³

et al. 2018

Urban Science

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“…The occurrence of log concavities is related to energy balance in the street canyon where nonlinear effect of canyon aspect ratio h/w was observed (Song and Wang, 2015a). Detailed explanations of aspect ratio effects will be described in Sect.…”

Section: Critical Model Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this paper, urban land-atmosphere interactions are modeled using a 1-D stand-alone and scalable numerical framework (Song and Wang, 2015a), by coupling an advanced single layer urban canopy model (SLUCM) for urban land surface processes (Wang et al, 2011b;Wang et al, 2013) and a single column model (SCM) for boundary layer dynamics (Noh et al, 2003;Troen and Mahrt, 1986). To single out the direct impact of urban landscape modification, we test the sensitivity of the boundary layer only in the vertical direction without taking advection effect into consideration.…”

Section: Coupled Urban Land-atmospheric Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This log concavity is correlated with the nonlinear effect of the canyon aspect ratio on CBL height and virtual potential temperature, due to two counteracting processes, viz. shading effect and radiative trapping effect in the street canyon, as investigated by Song and Wang (2015a). To further test the nonlinear effect of h/w on CBL dynamics, we set the canyon aspect ratio constant, and the log concavity disappears as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Impact Of Urban Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, the impact of urban land use changes will be assessed using a one-dimensional (1-D) numerical framework by coupling an urban land surface model with a single column atmospheric model (Song and Wang, 2015a), in order to single out the effect of direct land-atmosphere interactions primarily via turbulent transport in the vertical direction. Moreover, this new modeling framework enables us to look into changes of atmospheric dynamics due to landscape modification using physical planetary boundary layer parameterization, but not limited to the physics in the urban canopy layer (e.g., 2 m air temperature) prevailed in most previous study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating the impact of built environment characteristics on urban boundary layer dynamics using an advanced stochastic approach

Jooho

Wang

2016

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Urban land-atmosphere interactions can be captured by numerical modeling framework with coupled land surface and atmospheric processes, while the model performance depends largely on accurate input parameters. In this study, we use an advanced stochastic approach to quantify parameter uncertainty and model sensitivity of a coupled numerical framework for urban land-atmosphere interactions. It is found that the development of urban boundary layer is highly sensitive to surface characteristics of built terrains. Changes of both urban land use and geometry impose significant impact on the overlying urban boundary layer dynamics through modification on bottom boundary conditions, i.e., by altering surface energy partitioning and surface aerodynamic resistance, respectively. Hydrothermal properties of conventional and green roofs have different impacts on atmospheric dynamics due to different surface energy partitioning mechanisms. Urban geometry (represented by the canyon aspect ratio), however, has a significant nonlinear impact on boundary layer structure and temperature. Besides, managing rooftop roughness provides an alternative option to change the boundary layer thermal state through modification of the vertical turbulent transport. The sensitivity analysis deepens our insight into the fundamental physics of urban land-atmosphere interactions and provides useful guidance for urban planning under challenges of changing climate and continuous global urbanization.

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Biospheric and anthropogenic contributors to atmospheric CO₂ variability in a residential neighborhood of Phoenix, Arizona

Jooho

Wang

2017

JGR Atmospheres

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Urban environment contributes significantly to the global carbon cycle with complex governing mechanisms due to the combined biospheric and anthropogenic contributors. In this study, we analyzed the patterns of boundary layer CO2 flux and concentration for a residential neighborhood in Phoenix, Arizona by using the eddy covariance technique and a single column atmospheric model. Atmospheric stability, anthropogenic emission, and biogenic effect are found to be key determinants to atmospheric CO2 variability. In a diurnal cycle, two CO2 flux peaks coincide with morning and afternoon peak traffic hours, exemplifying the influence of traffic emissions. In the annual cycle, maximum CO2 concentration is found in winter, mainly due to additional emission from the combustion of natural gas combined with the effect of poor dispersion. On the other hand, the minimum CO2 concentration is found in the spring and is attributable to the strong convective mixing and active vegetation uptake. In addition, prominent hysteresis has been found between the atmospheric CO2 concentration and air temperature with a “plait‐shaped” pattern in the diurnal cycle and an “oval‐shaped” loop for the seasonal variability.

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Interfacing the Urban Land–Atmosphere System Through Coupled Urban Canopy and Atmospheric Models

Cited by 68 publications

References 48 publications

Assessing the Cooling Benefits of Tree Shade by an Outdoor Urban Physical Scale Model at Tempe, AZ

Assessing the Cooling Benefits of Tree Shade by an Outdoor Urban Physical Scale Model at Tempe, AZ

Evaluating the impact of built environment characteristics on urban boundary layer dynamics using an advanced stochastic approach

Biospheric and anthropogenic contributors to atmospheric CO₂ variability in a residential neighborhood of Phoenix, Arizona

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Interfacing the Urban Land–Atmosphere System Through Coupled Urban Canopy and Atmospheric Models

Cited by 68 publications

References 48 publications

Assessing the Cooling Benefits of Tree Shade by an Outdoor Urban Physical Scale Model at Tempe, AZ

Assessing the Cooling Benefits of Tree Shade by an Outdoor Urban Physical Scale Model at Tempe, AZ

Evaluating the impact of built environment characteristics on urban boundary layer dynamics using an advanced stochastic approach

Biospheric and anthropogenic contributors to atmospheric CO2 variability in a residential neighborhood of Phoenix, Arizona

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Product

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Biospheric and anthropogenic contributors to atmospheric CO₂ variability in a residential neighborhood of Phoenix, Arizona