Interfacial strengthening of carbon fiber/epoxy composites through a sulfonated high-epoxy-value sizing agent

Qiu, Zhijie; Liu, Jianjun; Wang, Yilei; Li, Cheng‐Sen; Yuan, Xiaomin; Zhu, Bo

doi:10.1016/j.surfin.2022.102394

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The epoxy value (X) of silicone resin was determined by the hydrochloric acid acetone method according to national standard GB/T 1677-2008. 36 The double-bond content (C) of silicone resin was determined by the iodometric method according to national standard GB/T 1676-2008. 37 The gel content (G) of UV-cured silicone resins was determined by a swelling method according to eq 3.…”

Section: Preparation Of a Uv-cured Mtq Silicone Resin (Uvmtq-tq-t)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Free-Radical/Cationic Hybrid UV-Curable Silicone Resin for Age-Resistant Coatings

Huang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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To achieve the unique advantages of silicone resin and the free-radical/cationic hybrid UV-curing mechanism, a free-radical/cationic hybrid UV-curable silicone resin (MTQ-TQ-T) is synthesized from commercially available siloxanes, hexamethyldisiloxane (MM, M segment), phenyltrimethoxysilane (PTMS, T segment), γ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane (KH560, T segment), (3-methacryloxy)propyltrimethoxysilane (KH570, T segment), and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS, Q segment). UV-curing kinetics indicates that the polymerization efficiency of MTQ-TQ-T initiated by free-radical and cationic dual photoinitiators is better than that of a single photoinitiator. As the molar ratio of cationic to free-radical photoinitiators (C/R) increases, the double-bond conversion first increases and then decreases, but the epoxy group conversion is the opposite. The optimal C/R and dose of dual photoinitiators are 1.5 and 10 wt %, respectively. After UV-curing, the coating has excellent overall performance including a gel content of 87.8%, a Shore A hardness of 85, a tensile strength of 4.23 MPa, and an impact strength of 5.48 kJ/m2. Its thermal decomposition temperature of 5 wt % is 338 °C, and the yellowing index only increases by 0.98 after thermal aging at 85 °C for 72 h. Moreover, UVMTQ-TQ1-T0.33 (the molar ratio, T/Q of 1 and KH560/570 of 0.33) shows good hydrophobicity with a contact angle of 87°, and it is still 89° after thermal aging. In addition, the adhesion of coating increases with the increase of epoxy groups, where UVMTQ-TQ1-T1 (the molar ratio, T/Q of 1 and KH560/570 of 1) has optimal adhesion with a shear strength and 180° peel strength of 1.7 and 0.9 MPa, respectively. Therefore, this free-radical/cationic hybrid UV-curable silicone resin will be used as aging-resistant coatings.

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Section: Preparation Of a Uv-cured Mtq Silicone Resin (Uvmtq-tq-t)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Free-Radical/Cationic Hybrid UV-Curable Silicone Resin for Age-Resistant Coatings

Huang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the past three years, the global landscape has been significantly impacted by the widespread transmission of COVID-19 [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. A consequential outcome of this pandemic has been the exponential surge in the production and utilization of face masks, a crucial preventive measure adopted by individuals and communities alike [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. However, an unintended consequence of this widespread use is the inevitable increase in the number of masks being disposed of haphazardly, contributing to environmental pollution and posing multifaceted challenges [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This heightened scientific inquiry is rooted in the recognition of the significant role played by microplastics in the environmental landscape. Microplastics, encompassing both micro-sized and nano-sized particles, have been identified as agents with a propensity to adsorb an array of pollutants, including heavy metals, organic pollutants, and various industrial chemicals [ 3 , 18 , 19 ]. Through the adsorption process, the microplastics not only contribute to an escalation in the toxicity of the absorbed pollutants but also serve as conduits for the transfer of these contaminants along the food chain, ultimately leading to their release into microorganisms, animals, and even human beings ( Figure 1 a,b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Fate of Microplastics, Derived from Disposable Masks, in Natural Aquatic Environments

Zhang,

Chai,

Duan

et al. 2024

Toxics

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This paper mainly reviews the fate of microplastics, released from used face masks, in the water environment. Through previous experiments, the amount of fiber microplastics released from used face masks into aqueous environments was not negligible, with the maximum microplastics releasing amount reaching 10,000 piece·day−1 for each mask. Microplastic derived from these masks often occurred in the shape of polymeric fibers that resulted from the breakage of the chemical bonds in the plastic fibers by the force of water flow. The potential contact forces between microplastics (originating from face masks) with other pollutants, primarily encompass hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions. This critical review paper briefly illustrates the fate of microplastics derived from disposable face masks, further devising effective strategies to mitigate the environmental impact of plastic particle release from the used personal protective equipment.

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“…Carbon fiber surface sizing is an important step in industrial production, which can enhance the agglomeration of carbon fiber and prevent the carbon fiber from being damaged during processing [ 14 ]; and the sizing agent simultaneously plays the roles of lubricant and coupling agent [ 15 , 16 ], which effectively improves the wettability of the carbon fiber [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ] and enhances the interfacial properties of the composites. Compared to chemical grafting, plasma treatment, electrochemical oxidation, chemical vapor deposition and other modification methods [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ], carbon fiber sizing is simple and efficient, with little damage to the mechanical properties of the fiber itself.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Water-Soluble Thermoplastic Polyamide Acid Sizing Agents for Enhancing Interfacial Properties of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polyimide Composites

Huang,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Materials

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Carbon-fiber-reinforced polyimide (PI) resin composites have gained significant attention in the field of continuous-fiber-reinforced polymers, in which the interfacial bonding between carbon fiber and matrix resin has been an important research direction. This study designed and prepared a water-soluble thermoplastic polyamide acid sizing agent to improve the wettability of carbon fiber, enhance the van der Waals forces between carbon fiber and resin and strengthen the chemical bonding between the sizing agent and the alkyne-capped polyimide resin by introducing alkyne-containing functional groups into the sizing agent. This study found that the addition of a sizing layer effectively bridged the large modulus difference between the fiber and resin regions, resulting in the formation of an interfacial layer approximately 85 nm thick. This layer facilitated the transfer of stress from the matrix to the reinforced carbon fiber, leading to a significant improvement in the interfacial properties of the composites. Adjusting the concentration of the sizing agent showed that composites treated with 3% had the best interfacial properties. The interfacial shear strength increased from 82.08 MPa to 108.62 MPa (32.33%) compared to unsized carbon fiber. This research is significant for developing sizing agents suitable for carbon-fiber-reinforced polyimide composites.

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Interfacial strengthening of carbon fiber/epoxy composites through a sulfonated high-epoxy-value sizing agent

Cited by 5 publications

References 35 publications

Free-Radical/Cationic Hybrid UV-Curable Silicone Resin for Age-Resistant Coatings

Free-Radical/Cationic Hybrid UV-Curable Silicone Resin for Age-Resistant Coatings

The Fate of Microplastics, Derived from Disposable Masks, in Natural Aquatic Environments

A Water-Soluble Thermoplastic Polyamide Acid Sizing Agents for Enhancing Interfacial Properties of Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polyimide Composites

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