Interfacial Strength of Plasma-sprayed Hydroxyapatite Coatings

Creation of Bioceramic Coatings on the Surface of Ti–6Al–4V Alloy by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation Followed by Gas Detonation Spraying

“…The characteristic sharp peaks of HA demonstrate good crystallinity of the HA phase (Table 4). However, no calcium oxide (CaO) was usually present in other coatings of HA with thermal spraying [3,14,23]. This confirms good phase transplantation during the formation of the HA coating by the GDS method [52][53][54].…”

“…Nowadays, several commercial methods of applying HA coatings to metal implants have been developed: plasma spraying, magnetron spraying, electrochemical deposition, sol-gel technology, etc. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Each of these methods has its limitations; for example, poor coatings adhesion to the substrate, the inability to regulate their elemental composition, and limited choice of substrate material for coating formation.…”

Bioactive surface modifications through thermally sprayed hydroxyapatite composite coatings: a review of selective reinforcements

“…Increasing the heat treatment temperature enhanced the crystallinity and density by decreasing the composite powders' pore volume, specific surface area, and particle size. Recently, Ohki et al 428 altered adhesion strength by heat treatment. Liu et al 429 heat-treated plasma-…”

“…Increasing the heat treatment temperature enhanced the crystallinity and density by decreasing the composite powders’ pore volume, specific surface area, and particle size. Recently, Ohki et al 428 altered adhesion strength by heat treatment. Liu et al 429 heat-treated plasma-sprayed HA at 650 °C in a muffle furnace for 3 and 6 hours; this resulted in the formation of nanograins at 3 hours, which were transformed into coarse grains at 6 hours and also enhanced the crystallinity by transforming secondary phases (TTCP, TCP, and ACP into) into HA.…”

Low velocity oxy fuel spraying of hydroxyapatite coating on a multifunctional UNS S31254 austenitic stainless steel

“…[20][21][22][23] Researchers have investigated adhesion strength, microhardness, bacterial adhesion and bioactivity of the HAp coatings prepared by varying processing parameters and powder particle size. [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] They have observed that thermal spray HAp coatings, especially plasma spray, generates phases such as amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), Tri-calcium phosphate (TCP) and tetra-calcium phosphates (TTCP). [15][16][17] These phases contribute to enhancing the coating healing action.…”