Interfacial nucleation in iPP/PB-1 blends promotes the formation of polybutene-1 trigonal crystals

Wang, Zefan; Dong, Xia; Liu, Guoming; Xing, Qinghe; Cavallo, Dario; Jiang, Qianhong; Müller, Alejandro J.; Wang, Dujin

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2018.01.078

Cited by 43 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(80 reference statements)

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“…And when the annealing time was 24 h, f I of nucleated PB-A could reach 86.1% while that of pure PB-A was 49.3%, which denotes that the addition of ZnIA could accelerate the crystal transformation of PB-A. What's more, f I of pure PB-A at 48 h could reach 97.4% which is rather high and it can be attributed to PB-A containing 2-3% PP which is also able to accelerate the crystal transformation [12].…”

Section: Crystal Transformation Behaviormentioning

confidence: 86%

“…But form II is the only form of PB which can be obtained during the normal crystallization from the melt under normal pressure because of the advantages in kinetics [7,8] and it will slowly transform to the form I, which costs 7-10 days [9,10] and greatly prolong the time required before PB being put into use [11] so the longer it takes to become form I, the less favor to the practical production and application for PB it is of. Therefore, it is important to accelerate the transition or achieve form I or I' directly to avoid the crystal transformation [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of zinc isophthalate on the crystallization and crystal transformation behavior of polybutene alloy

et al. 2021

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The slow crystallization rate and crystal transformation restrict the application of PB-A (PB blended with 2-3wt% polypropylene). This paper investigated the effects of zinc isophthalate (ZnIA) on the crystallization and crystal transformation behavior of PB-A by means of DSC, POM, XRD and Flash DSC. The results showed that addition of ZnIA raised the crystallization peak temperature from 71.1 ℃ to 82.8 ℃ and decreased the half crystallization time from 818 s to 160 s at the content of 0.2wt%. It also reduced the spherulites size dramatically according to the images of POM. The survey conducted by Flash DSC showed that the formation of amorphous phase was retarded by the addition of ZnIA as cooling rate increasing and as a result, the crystallinity of PB-A was raised from 50.0 to 56.1% with 0.2wt% ZnIA added. Moreover, the improvement on crystal transformation caused by ZnIA could be owing to the increase in crystallization temperature which leads to the enhancement of internal thermal stress and shortened nucleating process as well before the growth of form I. In conclusion, Znic Isophthalate is a kind of effective and multifunctional nucleating agent for PB-A and this study is beneficial to understand the mechanism of crystallization as well as the crystal transformation for PB-A.

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Section: Crystal Transformation Behaviormentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of zinc isophthalate on the crystallization and crystal transformation behavior of polybutene alloy

et al. 2021

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“…Since the nucleation of the stable Form I occurs much more rarely in bulk crystallization than that of the predominant Form II, it can only be obtained through solid‐solid transition from Form II. However, Form I′, described as a defective Form I with lower melting temperature, can be formed through special crystallization procedures, such as solution crystallization, blending with iPP, or copolymerization with other monomers . Actually, quiescent aging at room temperature of Form II samples is generally used for generating trigonal Form I, where the molecular conformation of the chains is that of a 3/1 helix …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross‐nucleation of polybutene‐1 Form II on Form I seeds with different morphology

Wang

Carmeli

et al. 2020

Polymer Crystallization

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Polybutene-1 (PB-1) trigonal Form I crystals with different morphologies, namely spherulitic, hedritic, and fibrous, were used as seeds to quantitatively study the cross-nucleation kinetics of the tetragonal Form II. Interestingly, a large difference in the cross-nucleation ability of the various Form I seeds was observed. The Form I fiber exhibits the fastest cross-nucleation, followed by the hedrite and eventually by the spherulite. The nucleation induction time was quantified from the evolution of the transmitted light intensity via polarized optical microscopy. The data were tested against different nucleation models, revealing that the rate-determining step for nucleation is the growth of the nucleus to attain the critical dimension, rather than the formation of the first crystalline layer in contact with the substrate. In addition, for spherulitic seeds, a meaningful dependence of cross-nucleation induction time on Form I lamellar thickness was found, with the kinetics being faster for higher original seed's crystallization temperatures. The results were interpreted assuming a free energy barrier for cross-nucleation which is a function of the mismatch between the daughter and the parent polymorphs' lamellar dimensions. This aspect, together with the calculated low values of interfacial free energy difference parameter for nucleation, suggests the possible existence of an epitaxial relationships between crossnucleating PB-1 Form II and Form I. K E Y W O R D Scross-nucleation, morphology, polybutene-1, polymorphism

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“…14 In addition, another polymorph, Form I′, which has a similar crystal structure to Form I can also be formed 15 . Generally, Form I′ can be obtained by several methods, such as solution crystallization, 16 blending with isotactic polypropylene 15 or copolymerization with other monomers. [17][18][19] The transformation mechanism of Form II to Form I has been investigated for several decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promotion of Self-Nucleation with Latent Form I Nuclei in Polybutene-1 and Its Copolymer

et al. 2018

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The formation of Form I nuclei of polybutene-1 (PB-1) and its copolymer with polyethylene (PB1-ran-PE) has been studied by means of modified self-nucleation protocols. Even when the self-nucleation temperature was high enough and all Form II crystals melt, re-crystallization can be accelerated if the melt-crystallized sample was annealed at low temperatures (below 60 o C for PB-1 and 75 o C for PB1-ran-PE) for just 3 min. These results suggest the formation of latent Form I nuclei within Form II crystals. This hypothesis is consistent with the observed growth of a small amount of Form I crystals during heating, after previous annealing at temperature lower than 20 °C.In addition, a peculiar phenomenon was found in PB1-ran-PE, as both Form II and Form I′ can be induced by the presence of latent Form I nuclei, due to cross-nucleation and self-nucleation effects, respectively. The final ratio of the two kinds of crystal Forms is a result of the competition between the two nucleation rates, which strongly depend on crystallization temperature. In this work, we have shown that careful design of novel self-nucleation protocols can yield evidence of the early stages of Form II to Form I transition, even when the degree of transformed crystals is below the limit of detection of conventional techniques sensitive to crystalline order (DSC, WAXD, FTIR).

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Interfacial nucleation in iPP/PB-1 blends promotes the formation of polybutene-1 trigonal crystals

Cited by 43 publications

References 68 publications

Effects of zinc isophthalate on the crystallization and crystal transformation behavior of polybutene alloy

Effects of zinc isophthalate on the crystallization and crystal transformation behavior of polybutene alloy

Cross‐nucleation of polybutene‐1 Form II on Form I seeds with different morphology

Promotion of Self-Nucleation with Latent Form I Nuclei in Polybutene-1 and Its Copolymer

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