Interfacial Modification of Polystyrene‐<i>block</i>‐polybutadiene‐<i>block</i>‐polystyrene/Magnesium Hydroxide Composites, 1

Liauw, Christopher M.; Dumitru, Paul; Lees, Graham C.; Clemens, M; Rothon, Roger

doi:10.1002/mame.200390035

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The flow properties of the PPBC2/GCC composite melts were compared at 200 • C using a Rosand RH-7 dual bore capillary rheometer; the method is described in an earlier publication. Elongational viscosity, as well as the normal shear flow parameters, were determined [17].…”

Section: Mechanical and Rheological Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of reactive unsaturated interfacial modifiers for polyolefin based composites

Liauw¹,

Lees²,

Rothon³

et al. 2006

Composite Interfaces

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The development of a novel reactive unsaturated interfacial modifier for filled (magnesium hydroxide, aluminium hydroxide and calcium carbonate) polyolefins is reviewed. Initial work explored maleimide functional candidate molecules including 1,3-phenylene dimaleimide (1,3-PDM) and a range of linear alkyl dimaleimides. Most of the dimaleimides were very effective interfacial modifiers in polypropylene and poly(ethylene-co-vinylacetate) (18% w/w vinylacetate) based composites. However, the dimaleimides caused the composites to have a distinct pink/brown colouration apart from when the maleimide groups were spaced by a C12 alkyl chain. The problem with colour and high effective dosage prompted a switch to unsaturated carboxylic acid based systems. The performance of a range of unsaturated carboxylic acids and the hexafunctional monomer trimethylolpropane triacrylate are reviewed, together with a novel oligomeric unsaturated carboxylic acid (OUCA) based system developed by the Noveon Division of Lubrizol Limited. The data obtained from this series of interfacial modifiers, and adsorption studies on 1,3-PDM and OUCA, afforded some insight into the competing factors (such as the strength of adsorption versus ability to form a polymerised interfacial layer and the ability to react with matrix chains) that significantly affect the coupling performance of interfacial modifiers.

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Section: Mechanical and Rheological Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of reactive unsaturated interfacial modifiers for polyolefin based composites

Liauw¹,

Lees²,

Rothon³

et al. 2006

Composite Interfaces

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“…To improve the compatibility between inorganic fillers and polymer materials, surface modifiers have been applied including macromolecular surface modifiers16–18 and small‐molecular‐weight ones, such as surface active agents, silane coupling agents, and titanate coupling agents 13, 19–28. Compared with macromolecular surface modifiers, small‐molecular‐weight ones had characteristics of low‐price and facile processing, so they have been applied more popularly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To improve the compatibility between inorganic fillers and polymer materials, surface modifiers have been applied including macromolecular surface modifiers [16][17][18] and small-molecular-weight ones, such as surface active agents, silane coupling agents, and titanate coupling agents. 13,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Compared with macromolecular surface modifiers, small-molecularweight ones had characteristics of low-price and facile processing, so they have been applied more popularly. As for the polyolefin (PO)/MH systems, researchers have tried many different kinds of smallmolecular-weight surface modifiers to the composites including stearate, 19,20 oleate, 21,22 and silane coupling agents, 13,[23][24][25][26][27] and found that silane coupling agents were quite efficient to improve the compatibility of polyolefin/MH composites for the active hydroxyl groups of MH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Compared with macromolecular surface modifiers, small-molecularweight ones had characteristics of low-price and facile processing, so they have been applied more popularly. As for the polyolefin (PO)/MH systems, researchers have tried many different kinds of smallmolecular-weight surface modifiers to the composites including stearate, 19,20 oleate, 21,22 and silane coupling agents, 13,[23][24][25][26][27] and found that silane coupling agents were quite efficient to improve the compatibility of polyolefin/MH composites for the active hydroxyl groups of MH. 13,[23][24][25][26][27] Based on various functional groups on the hydrophobic chain, different kinds of silane coupling agents had been tried.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of the content of silane coupling agent KH‐560 on the properties of LLDPE/magnesium hydroxide composites

Yang

Cai

Zhou

et al. 2010

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Based on traditional idea of molecular coupling effect, surface modifiers were helpful to improve the performances of inorganic/organic composites. However, it was also widely accepted that the content of surface modifier should be controlled in a suitable range, and more or less modifiers could not reach to optimal properties. The intrinsic reason for this phenomenon was not clear until now. In this article, the influences of the content of surface modifier: silane coupling agent KH-560, on the final performances of linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE)/magnesium hydroxide (MH) composites, have been studied. The performance tests of LLDPE/MH composites, including mechanical properties measurements, thermal oxidative stability analysis, and surface morphology observation, all confirmed that there was an optimal content range of surface modifier. However, further morphology investigation of the modified MH by particle size and particle size distribution analyzer showed that, the particle size and particle size distribution of MH both increased as the content of KH-560 increased. ATR-FTIR analysis proved that silane grafting was achieved on the MH particle surface, which not only improved the compatibility between MH and LLDPE for molecular coupling effect, but also caused bigger particle size and wider particle size distribution, which were disadvantageous to improve the performances of the composites. The two opposite effects of the surface modifiers mentioned above affected the final performances of the composites.

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“…So compatibilizers are also termed “polymer coupling agents.”11, 12 Many studies about polyolefin/ATH composites were focused on the effects of coupling agents or compatibilizers. Liauw et al systematically studied the effects of various coupling agents on the mechanical properties of polymer/MH composites 5, 13–30. A recent work reported by Hippi et al showed that the presence of compatibilizers could improve both stiffness and toughness of PE/ATH composites while FR properties of the composites remained unchanged 3.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interfacial modification of high impact polystyrene magnesium hydroxide composites effects on flame retardancy properties

Chang

Xie

Yang

2008

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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High impact polystyrene (HIPS)/magnesium hydroxide (MH) composites were prepared by meltblending. Two kinds of interfacial modifiers were used in this research, maleinated poly[styrene-b-(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-styrene] (SEBS-g-MA) triblock copolymer and PS. The effects of the use levels of SEBS-g-MA on the flame retardancy of HIPS/elastomer/MH based on unmodified and PS-modified surface were investigated by TEM, FTIR, and combustion tests (horizontal burning test and cone calorimetry). The combustion results showed that comparing composites containing unmodified MH, the flame retarding properties of composites containing PS-modified MH were obviously improved. The increased performance can be explained that the PS covered on the surface of MH could further improve dispersion of the filler in matrix. Furthermore, there existed a critical thickness of interfacial boundary for optimum flame-retarding properties in both ternary composites based MH and PS-modified MH. When the interfacial boundary relative thickness is less than 0.53, the introduction of SEBS-g-MA can improve the dispersion degree, leading the improvement of flame retardancy properties. However, with the increase of interfacial boundary thickness, the SEBS-g-MA coating around MH acted as a heat and mass transfer barrier, leading to the reduction of flame retardancy.

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Interfacial Modification of Polystyrene‐block‐polybutadiene‐block‐polystyrene/Magnesium Hydroxide Composites, 1

Cited by 16 publications

References 12 publications

Evolution of reactive unsaturated interfacial modifiers for polyolefin based composites

Evolution of reactive unsaturated interfacial modifiers for polyolefin based composites

Effects of the content of silane coupling agent KH‐560 on the properties of LLDPE/magnesium hydroxide composites

Interfacial modification of high impact polystyrene magnesium hydroxide composites effects on flame retardancy properties

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