Interfacial Microstructure and Formation of Direct Laser Welded CFRP/Ti-6Al-4V Joint

Zou, Pengyuan; Zhang, Hua; Lei, Min; Cheng, Donghai; Huang, Shuo; Yang, Fan

doi:10.3390/met11091398

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, the unevenness was attributed to the formation of voids caused by gas generated from the thermally decomposed resin. During laser welding of PEEK/Ti-6Al-4V, voids form on the weld surface and reduce joint strength [20]. As shown in Figure 14, the fracture load of M-0.5 + 1.5 was higher than that of D-2.0, although the welded area was the same.…”

Section: Cfrp Sidementioning

confidence: 96%

Evaluation of Joint Strength for CFRPs and Aluminum Alloys by Friction Stir Spot Welding Using Multi-Stage Heating

Tanaka,

Aiba

2024

J. Compos. Sci.

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To reduce car body weight, multi-material structures with lightweight materials such as carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRPs) and aluminum alloys (Als) are used to replace parts of steel components, and joining technologies for such dissimilar materials are essential. Friction stir spot welding (FSSW) is one of the technologies used to rapidly and strongly join dissimilar materials. FSSW for carbon-fiber-reinforced thermosetting resin (CFRTS) and Als has been developed using composite laminates with integrally molded thermoplastic resin in the outermost layer. To suppress excessive heating under the tool, this study investigated whether multi-stage heating with a non-heating time during joining affects the heat distribution and strength properties of the joint. Due to heat diffusion in Al during the non-heating time, multi-stage heating can suppress excessive heating under the tool compared to continuous heating, resulting in up to 27% larger welded area, up to 37% smaller decomposed area, and up to 6% lower maximum temperature. The use of multi-stage heating results in up to 5% higher tensile shear strength and 210% longer fatigue life by reducing the thermal decomposition of CFRP matrix resin and PA12 resin.

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Section: Cfrp Sidementioning

confidence: 96%

Evaluation of Joint Strength for CFRPs and Aluminum Alloys by Friction Stir Spot Welding Using Multi-Stage Heating

Tanaka,

Aiba

2024

J. Compos. Sci.

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“…In laser welding CFRP (PEEK) to Ti-6Al-4 V, 38 the width and depth of the weld seam increased with F I G U R E 3 Joint strength of specimens at different joining defocus distances. (A) CFRTP (PEEK)/Al.…”

Section: Scanning Speedmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…25 (D) CFRTP (PEEK)/Ti-6Al-4V. 38 is excessively low, resulting in less resin melting and reducing the effective joint area to produce an effective joint. Rectangular beam by beam shaping is a new option for the laser welding of CFRP and metals.…”

Section: Beam Shapementioning

confidence: 99%

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Laser joining of CFRTP to metal: A review on welding parameters, joint enhancement, and numerical simulation

Hu,

2023

Polymer Composites

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As a lightweight material with high performance, carbon fiber‐reinforced thermoplastic plastic (CFRTP) is being implemented increasingly in aerospace, automotive, new energy, and so forth. The connection between CFRTP and metals, which are still used in these areas, is an inevitable problem. Among the various connection techniques, laser welding of CFRTP to metal is attractive due to high efficiency, excellent strength, and no contact. This paper presents the most recent research on laser welding CFRTP and metals in three aspects: (a) the principle of laser welding CFRTP to metals and the influence of process parameters on joint quality including laser power, defocus distances, scanning speed, clamping pressure, and beam shape, (b) the joint enhancement mechanisms and methods, and (c) numerical simulations of temperature and stress fields of laser‐connected CFRTP to metals. The findings show that joint strength is significantly influenced by process parameters and that the maximum joint strength can be achieved by choosing the right parameters. Apart from the conventional techniques of texturing the metal surface, applying a suitable layer of resin, and applying chemical treatment, other novel joint improvement measures have also been used, including the use of blue laser and CFRTP embedded in the metal. The temperature field and residual stresses can be successfully simulated by finite elements, which can be useful when studying new processes and choosing parameters for metal laser welding and CFRTP.Highlights We review the progress from parameters, simulations, and enhancements. The main parameters have essential effects on the dimensions and strength of joints. FEM (Finite Element Method) is applied to simulate the temperature and stress of the laser welding. Joints can be reinforced by surface pre‐texturing, adding resin, and grafting.

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“…As a common lightweight metal material, titanium alloy has the advantages of high strength, excellent corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, which makes up for the weakness of CFRP 8 . More importantly, the two materials show no tendency to generate stress corrosion at the interface after contact 9,10 . Therefore, the composite structures prepared by the two materials have broad application prospects, and the process of connecting the two materials has become a current research hot spot.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of micro‐arc oxidation treatment on laser joint microstructures of Ti‐6Al‐4V alloy/CFRP

Zou

Yang

Liu

et al. 2022

Surface & Interface Analysis

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Resin-based carbon fibre reinforced composite (CFRP) with excellent properties has been widely applied in aerospace industry. In this study, polyether ether ketone enforced composite (PEEK-CFRP) and Ti-6V-4V titanium alloy had been joined by laser welding process. Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) process was conducted on the surface of titanium alloy to improve the joint property. Fractures and mechanical properties of joints were analysed. Interfacial microstructures of the joints had been investigated, and the formation mechanism of joint had been figured out. The results showed that after MAO treatment, the joint strength had been greatly improved and the shear strength reached to 42.3 MPa compared with pretreated sample. The wettability of CFRP on titanium alloy was rising with the contact angle of 68.8 . Fracture showed that cohesive failure contributed to the main fracture mode. As joints were formed by both mechanical bonding and chemical bonding, 'anchor-shaped' structures were found in the joint to enhance the mechanical bonding effects due to the flowing of the melted resin. (ÀOH) bonds were identified at the surface of MAOtreated titanium alloy that provided conditions for hydrogen bond interaction. TiO 2 , TiO and Ti-V-C phase were found at interface, whereas Ti-F and Ti-O-F bonds were generated during the welding process, which made great contribution to the chemical bonds between titanium alloy and CFRP.

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Interfacial Microstructure and Formation of Direct Laser Welded CFRP/Ti-6Al-4V Joint

Cited by 12 publications

References 32 publications

Evaluation of Joint Strength for CFRPs and Aluminum Alloys by Friction Stir Spot Welding Using Multi-Stage Heating

Evaluation of Joint Strength for CFRPs and Aluminum Alloys by Friction Stir Spot Welding Using Multi-Stage Heating

Laser joining of CFRTP to metal: A review on welding parameters, joint enhancement, and numerical simulation

Effect of micro‐arc oxidation treatment on laser joint microstructures of Ti‐6Al‐4V alloy/CFRP

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