Interfacial layer on archaeological mild steel corroded in carbonated anoxic environments studied with coupled micro and nano probes

Yoanna, Leon; Saheb, Mandana; Drouet, Emeline; Neff, Delphine; Foy, Eddy; Leroy, Éric; Dynes, James J.; Dillmann, P.

doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2014.07.005

Cited by 29 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…To verify this assertion the metal/corrosion product interface of some archaeological artefacts was studied at the nanometric scale by a combination of TEM and Scanning Transmission X ray Microscope (STXM) observations performed on a thin film sample obtained by Focused Ion Beam (FIB) at the metal/corrosion product interface. It was clearly demonstrated that, in addition to the layer of carbonates, an interface nanometric layer varying from 50 to several 100 nm in thickness was present on the artefacts (Michelin et al 2013;Leon et al 2014). This layer is made of a mix of iron oxides (maghemite and magnetite see Fig.…”

Section: Ferrous Alloysmentioning

confidence: 95%

Nanoscale Aspects of Corrosion on Cultural Heritage Metals

Dillmann

2016

Nanoscience and Cultural Heritage

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International audienceMetallic artefacts are an important part of the cultural heritage and must be protected for the future generations. Unfortunately, classical metal protection methods used for example in industry, can in most of cases not be used in the context of the conservation of cultural heritage because artefacts must not be aesthetically modified and any protection treatment must be potentially removable without any damage to the artefact. For that reason, to set up efficient conservation strategies, it is necessary to understand and model the long term corrosion mechanisms. In addition to environmental monitoring and empirical approaches, the fine understanding of the corrosion systems, based on the use of multiscale character-isation techniques and methodologies is a key issue to understand the mechanisms and evaluate the degradation rates. This chapter reviews the cases for which investigations at nano scales are necessary to understand and model in a reliable way the corrosion behaviour of different metals (ferrous alloys and bronzes). Nanoscale investigation, also allows scientists to understand the way intentional patinas were made on ancient bronzes. Lastly, an example of the use of nan-otechnology to set up an adapted and innovative protective treatment is given

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Section: Ferrous Alloysmentioning

confidence: 95%

Nanoscale Aspects of Corrosion on Cultural Heritage Metals

Dillmann

2016

Nanoscience and Cultural Heritage

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“…STXM is mostly used in material, geosciences or Natural Heritage as for example on fossils (Bernard et al 2010;Galvez et al 2009). One example of application on archaeological samples is given by Leon et al (2014). The aim of the study is to understand the corrosion mechanisms of ancient nails corroded in an anoxic soil.…”

Section: Analyses At Nanometer Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

“…One study dealing with the understanding of iron corrosion mechanisms focused on an archaeological nail of the 16th century. In order to determine the transport properties inside the corrosion layer, it was immersed in deuterated water during 3 months (Leon et al 2014). The nail was cut and prepared on transverse section.…”

Section: Analyses At Nanometer Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Grey scales for Fe(II), Fe(III) and Fe(0) maps: equivalent thickness (nm), for the residual map: optical density. b Overlay of the color-coded Fe(0), Fe(II) and Fe(III) component maps c C K-edge difference map (290-280 eV) of the thin film,(Leon et al 2014) (2014) used 3D reconstruction by FIB-SEM to investigate the formation of cohesive calcium oxalate layers on marble surfaces for the conservation of stone. They used FIB-SEM complementary to SEM analyses to determine the 3D porosity network at a sub-micrometric scale showing that nanopores are partially connected inside a treated marble cube.…”

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confidence: 99%

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From Archaeological Sites to Nanoscale: The Quest of Tailored Analytical Strategy and Modelling

Bellot‐Gurlet

Dillmann

Neff

2016

Nanoscience and Cultural Heritage

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Last developments of nano probes allows scientists of Cultural Heritage to assess a new kind of information that is crucial in the different topics concerned by the field: determining ancient manufacturing processes, studying use and provenance of ancient artefacts, revealing the degradation processes and developing adapted cleaning and conservation treatments. Nevertheless to be useful, these nanoscale approaches must be integrated in a tailored multi-step analysis. The final aim of these approaches will be to reach understanding and/or reliable modelling of the behaviours of the ancient systems. A first part of this chapter will review the issues in Cultural Heritage and the nature of the physico-chemical data that can be collected on the systems. In a second part, a selection of examples dealing with nano characterisation in Cultural Heritage will allow us to present several up to date techniques and methodologies employed in Cultural Heritage science. Then, the third part of the chapter will review some of the different modelling attempts that where already made in the domain of Cultural Heritage, and that were based on the use of physico-chemical descriptions at different scales. The challenge for the next future will be, for different kind of materials and environments, to propose multiscale models from nano to functional scale. Some key steps to face these challenges bridging the gap between multiscale descriptive characterisation and numerical modelling are reviewed here.L. Bellot-Gurlet MONARIS "de la Molécule aux Nano-objets: Réactivité, Interactions et Spectroscopies", UMR 8233,

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“…However, the mostly reported Fe(II) hydroxysalt is the Fe(II)-hydroxycarbonate chukanovite (Fe 2 (OH) 2 CO 3 ). It has been commonly found as a main component of the corrosion product layers formed on iron archaeological artefacts excavated form anoxic soils [2][3][4]. It was also observed on carbon steel buried in clay at 80-90 • C [5,6], i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%