Interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in perpendicularly magnetized<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:msub><mml:mtext>Pt/Co/AlO</mml:mtext><mml:mi>x</mml:mi></mml:msub></mml:math>ultrathin films measured by Brillouin light spectroscopy

Belmeguenai, M.; Adam, Jean-Paul; Roussigné, Y.; Eimer, Sylvain; Devolder, T.; Kim, Joo-Von; Chérif, S. M.; Stashkevich, A. A.; Thiaville, A.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.91.180405

Cited by 293 publications

(198 citation statements)

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“…Currently, the DMI constant is measured by the following techniques: by observing the frequency nonreciprocity of spin-wave propagation with Brillouin light spectroscopy [20,42,43], by asymmetric magnetic domain growth, [44] by field-driven domain-wall motion in the creep regime, [43] by current-driven domain-wall motion under applied magnetic field, [45] and by asymmetric hysteresis [46]. Our theory offers another method to obtain the interfacial DMI constant from the direct measurements of the tilt angle of the Dzyaloshinskii domain wall.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory of the Dzyaloshinskii domain-wall tilt in ferromagnetic nanostrips

et al. 2017

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General rightsThis document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. Full terms of use are available: http://www.bristol.ac.uk/pure/about/ebr-terms PHYSICAL REVIEW B 96, 134417 (2017) We present an analytical theory of domain-wall tilt due to a transverse in-plane magnetic field in a ferromagnetic nanostrip with out-of-plane anisotropy and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI). The theory treats the domain walls as one-dimensional objects with orientation-dependent energy, which interact with the sample edges. We show that under an applied field the domain wall remains straight, but tilts at an angle to the direction of the magnetic field that is proportional to the field strength for moderate fields and sufficiently strong DMI. Furthermore, we obtain a nonlinear dependence of the tilt angle on the applied field at weaker DMI. Our analytical results are corroborated by micromagnetic simulations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory of the Dzyaloshinskii domain-wall tilt in ferromagnetic nanostrips

et al. 2017

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“…In Table I [40], which might indicate an interfacial origin of the observed effect. However, in our case, the trend reverses as t Co 1 nm.…”

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confidence: 90%

Determination of spin torque efficiencies in heterostructures with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy

Pai¹,

Mann²,

Tan³

et al. 2016

Phys. Rev. B

316

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We report that by measuring a current-induced hysteresis loop shift versus in-plane bias magnetic field, the spin-Hall effect (SHE) contribution of the current-induced effective field per current density χ SHE can be estimated for Pt-and Ta-based magnetic heterostructures with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. We apply this technique to a Pt-based sample with its ferromagnetic (FM) layer being wedged deposited and discover an extra effective field contribution χ Wedged due to the asymmetric nature of the deposited FM layer. We confirm the correlation between χ Wedged and the asymmetric depinning process in FM layer during magnetization switching by magneto-optical Kerr microscopy. These results indicate the possibility of engineering deterministic spin-orbit torque switching by controlling the symmetry of domain expansion through the materials growth process. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.144409 Current-induced spin-orbit torque (SOT) has been shown to be an efficient way of manipulating the magnetization in heavy-metal/ferromagnet (HM/FM) heterostructures. Unlike conventional spin transfer torque [1,2] in which the source of spin angular momentum comes from a ferromagnetic polarizer layer, SOTs arise from either the bulklike spin-Hall effect (SHE) [3,4] of the nonmagnetic (NM) HM layer or Rashbatype spin-orbit interaction [5,6] at the interface. SOTs can be utilized to achieve efficient magnetization switching [7][8][9][10], ultrafast domain-wall (DW) motion [6,11,12], and microwave generation through magnetic oscillations [13,14] in spintronic device applications.SOTs are typically studied in magnetic heterostructures with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA), and in general both a Slonczewski-like and a field-like torque can be present. The Slonczewski-like torque is most relevant to magnetization switching: It manifests as an effective field H eff with an out-of-plane (easy-axis) component that can reverse the magnetization or drive DWs if a component of the magnetization lies along the current-flow direction. The most common measurement schemes used to quantify the Slonczewski-like SOT efficiency χ ≡ H eff /J e (effective field per unit current density J e ) include ferromagnetic resonance techniques [15][16][17], low-frequency harmonic voltage measurements using small ac currents [18][19][20], and analysis of current-induced DW motion in thin magnetic strips [11,12,21,22]. Current-induced SOT switching of PMA films under an in-plane bias field is another convenient means for determining the sign of χ ; however, a quantitative estimate of its magnitude is usually difficult to obtain in such measurements due to the complicated magnetization reversal process [23,24].In this paper we examine the role of domain nucleation and DW propagation in SOT-assisted magnetization switching in HM/FM bilayer systems with PMA. We show that the currentinduced shift of the out-of-plane hysteresis loop as a function of in-plane bias field can be well explained by a simple currentassisted DW propagation model. This simple mea...

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“…In some other studies that have investigated the dependence of D on magnetic layer thickness it has been possible to fit a straight line of the form D ∝ 1/t to DM energy data for thin-film systems [25,26]. Other studies show a linear dependence but with a nonzero intercept, suggesting some contribution from atoms that do not lie at a sharp heavy-metal/ferromagnet interface layer [27]. A similar result to ours was obtained by Nembach et al for NiFe/Pt, where the measured DM interaction did not exhibit a strict 1/t dependence [5].…”

Section: B Dzyaloshinskii-moriya Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic properties, domain-wall creep motion, and the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in Pt/Co/Ir thin films

et al. 2018

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We study the magnetic properties of perpendicularly magnetized Pt/Co/Ir thin films and investigate the domain-wall creep method of determining the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction in ultrathin films. Measurements of the Co layer thickness dependence of saturation magnetization, perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, and symmetric and antisymmetric (i.e., DM) exchange energies in Pt/Co/Ir thin films have been made to determine the relationship between these properties. We discuss the measurement of the DM interaction by the expansion of a reverse domain in the domain-wall creep regime. We show how the creep parameters behave as a function of in-plane bias field and discuss the effects of domain-wall roughness on the measurement of the DM interaction by domain expansion. Whereas modifications to the creep law with DM field and in-plane bias fields have taken into account changes in the energy barrier scaling parameter α, we find that both α and the velocity scaling parameter v 0 change as a function of in-plane bias field.

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Interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in perpendicularly magnetizedPt/Co/AlOxultrathin films measured by Brillouin light spectroscopy

Cited by 293 publications

References 25 publications

Theory of the Dzyaloshinskii domain-wall tilt in ferromagnetic nanostrips

Theory of the Dzyaloshinskii domain-wall tilt in ferromagnetic nanostrips

Determination of spin torque efficiencies in heterostructures with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy

Magnetic properties, domain-wall creep motion, and the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in Pt/Co/Ir thin films

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