“…19,20 An electron-withdrawing moiety stabilizes the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level, resulting in improved open-circuit voltage ( V OC ) and reduced charge recombination. 21 Imidazole derivatives act effectively as electron donor moieties, formation the hydrogen bonding and so on 22,23 due to the high twisting nature of the diphenyl-imidazole unit. These materials are extensively used in the preparation of a large number of optoelectronic devices, light emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs).…”