Interfacial Charge Transfer between Silver Phosphate and W₂N₃ Induced by Nitrogen Vacancies Enhances Removal of β‐Lactam Antibiotics

Abstract

Constructing heterojunctions has been demonstrated as an important approach to improve the catalytic performance of photocatalysts, but how to regulate the transfer and separation of photogenerated carriers at the interface is still a great challenge. Herein, W2N3‐NV, a two‐dimensional transition metal nitride containing nitrogen vacancies, is synthesized by a molten salt‐assisted atmosphere calcination method. A novel composite photocatalyst Ag3PO4@W2N3‐NV with good photocatalytic activity and photostability is prepared for the first time and applied to the efficient removal of β‐lactam antibiotics. The composite catalyst shows much superior photocatalytic degradation performance of penicillin and amoxicillin, and the apparent rate constant of which is 77.7 and 42.9 times than that of pure Ag3PO4, respectively. Experimental results and density functional theory calculations confirm that the presence of nitrogen vacancies can drive the formation of defects and dangling bonds on the W2N3‐NV surface, which make it easy to combine with Ag3PO4 and form new chemical bonds at the interface. The WO chemical bonds formed at the interface provide a fast transfer channel for the interfacial photogenerated charge, resulting in the boosted carriers transfer and separation ability of Ag3PO4@W2N3‐NV composite. This study provides a new strategy for the interface engineering of highly efficient heterogeneous photocatalysts.

Vacancy engineering of two-dimensional W2N3 nanosheets for efficient CO2 hydrogenation

“…As shown in Fig. 3b, NV-W 2 N 3 exhibits a significant ESR signal with a g -value of 1.9986, corresponding to the unpaired electrons induced by the partial removal of N. 31 Fig. S9† shows the survey spectra where all peaks are associated with W, N, C, and O elements.…”

“…In addition, we also compared the influence of the N vacancy content on the catalytic results. After H 2 annealing, 31 NV-W 2 N 3 -2 and NV-W 2 N 3 -3 catalysts with more N vacancy were obtained. In the N 1s spectra of Fig.…”

Magnetic nanoparticle-supported eosin Y salt [SB-DABCO@eosin] as an efficient heterogeneous photocatalyst for the multi-component synthesis of chromeno[4,3-b]chromene in the presence of visible light

“…Overall, it can be concluded from the data that OH˙ and ˙O 2 − would be the main species in the photocatalytic procedure. 72,73…”

“…Overall, it can be concluded from the data that OHc and cO 2 − would be the main species in the photocatalytic procedure. 72,73 In a common photocatalytic system, choosing an appropriate electron carrier is necessary to facilitate effective transfer of charge carriers and enhance the stability of the photocatalyst. Fe 3 O 4 $SiO 2 @DABCO (SMNPs@DABCO) and eosin fragments absorb sufficient energy to produce electron-hole pairs upon exposure to the green LEDs.…”

Steered polymorphic nanodomains in TiO2 to boost visible-light photocatalytic oxidation

“…24,25 Designing composite photocatalysts with heterogeneous junctions is an effective approach for tuning the electronic and interface structure, 26,27 that are benecial for the fast charge transfer. 28,29 Thus far, manifold heterogenous components such as noble metal, 30,31 transition metal oxide/sulde, 32,33 and metal-organic framework materials, 34,35 etc. have been intensively studied and demonstrated to show satisfactory improvement of visible light absorption and photochemical activity.…”