Interfacial Characteristics and Formation Mechanisms of Copper–steel Multimaterial Structures Fabricated via Laser Powder Bed Fusion Using Different Building Strategies

Liu, Linqing; Wang, Di; Deng, Guowei; Yang, Yongqiang; Chen, Jie; Tang, Jinrong; Wang, Yonggang; Liu, Yang; Yang, Xusheng; Zhang, Yicha

doi:10.1016/j.cjmeam.2022.100045

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…In other studies, it was shown that during the formation of the transition, newly melted material is drawn to the bottom of the molten bath by the Marangoni flow, resulting in a flowing transition. [ 2 ] In [ 1 ], a transition area of 600 µm could be detected, which could be divided into three areas: one FE- and one Cu-dominated area each, as well as a transition area in between, which could not be clearly assigned to a Cu- or Fe-matrix. These areas are interspersed with local material accumulations in which the material did not dissolve.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is due to the high cooling rate of up to 108 K/s of the manufacturing process. [ 2 ] It is assumed that the higher corrosion resistance in the measuring range of the multi-material is due to this complex transition area, which is why it must be focused on in subsequent work.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research and industry demand for additively manufactured multi-materials, as these are intended to create more efficient components [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. For instance, by combining 316L and CuSn10, 316L’s high mechanical–technological and corrosion-resistant properties can be combined with the good thermal conductivity of the copper-based alloy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Corrosion Resistance of 316L/CuSn10 Multi-Material Manufactured by Powder Bed Fusion

et al. 2022

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Research and industry are calling for additively manufactured multi-materials, as these are expected to create more efficient components, but there is a lack of information on corrosion resistance, especially since there is a risk of bimetallic corrosion with two metallic components. In this study, the corrosion behaviour of a multi-material made of 316L and CuSn10 is investigated before and after a stress relief annealing using linear sweep voltammetry. For this purpose, a compromise had to be found in the heat treatment parameters in order to be able to treat both materials together. In addition, additively manufactured and rolled samples were investigated and used as a reference. Interaction of the two materials in the multi-material could be demonstrated, but further investigations are necessary to clearly assess the behaviour. In particular, the transition region of the two materials should be investigated. In this study, a stress relief heat treatment at 400 °C caused a slight improvement in the corrosion resistance and reduced the scatter of the measurements significantly. No significant difference was measured between the additively produced and rolled samples.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Corrosion Resistance of 316L/CuSn10 Multi-Material Manufactured by Powder Bed Fusion

et al. 2022

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“…Metallic additive manufacturing (AM) is an emerging technology that can efficiently produce functionally graded materials (FGMs), resulting in improved performance through gradual changes in the composition or microstructure [ 19 ]. Multi-material structures are typical FGMs [ 20 ]. By integrating the structures and functions of multiple materials, the combined properties of the multiple materials (e.g., local wear resistance, high thermal conductivity, thermal insulation, chemical corrosion resistance, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some LPBF-based metallic multi-material structures (MMS) have been investigated, such as copper–steel [ 20 ], copper–nickel [ 35 ], titanium–copper [ 36 ], aluminum–copper [ 37 ], etc. The research contents involve the interface characteristics of multiple materials, including the interfacial microstructure, the elemental diffusion mechanism, the interfacial melting mode, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Reflectivity and Thermal Conductivity Ag–Cu Multi-Material Structures Fabricated via Laser Powder Bed Fusion: Formation Mechanisms, Interfacial Characteristics, and Molten Pool Behavior

et al. 2023

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Ag and Cu have different advantages and are widely used in key fields due to their typical highly electrical and thermal conductive (HETC) properties. Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), an innovative technology for manufacturing metallic multi-material components with high accuracy, has expanded the application of Ag–Cu in emerging high-tech fields. In this study, the multi-material sandwich structures of Ag7.5Cu/Cu10Sn/Ag7.5Cu were printed using LPBF, and the formation mechanism, interface characteristics, and molten pool behavior of the Ag7.5Cu/Cu10Sn (A/C) and Cu10Sn/Ag7.5Cu (C/A) interfaces were studied to reveal the influence of different building strategies. At the A/C interface, pre-printed Ag7.5Cu promoted Marangoni turbulence at a relatively low energy density (EA/C = 125 J/mm3). Due to the recoil pressure, the molten pool at the A/C interface transformed from a stable keyhole mode to an unstable keyhole mode. These phenomena promoted the extensive migration of elements, forming a wider diffusion zone and reduced thermal cracking. At the C/A interface, the molten pool was rationed from the conduction mode with more pores to the transition mode with fewer defects due to the high energy density (EC/A = 187.5 J/mm3). This work offers a theoretical reference for the fabrication of HETC multi-material structures via LPBF under similar conditions.

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Functionally graded material via L-PBF: characterisation of multi-material junction between steels (AISI 316L/16MnCr5), copper (CuCrZr) and aluminium alloys (Al-Sc/AlSi10Mg)

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Grazzi

et al. 2024

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Interfacial Characteristics and Formation Mechanisms of Copper–steel Multimaterial Structures Fabricated via Laser Powder Bed Fusion Using Different Building Strategies

Cited by 6 publications

References 50 publications

Corrosion Resistance of 316L/CuSn10 Multi-Material Manufactured by Powder Bed Fusion

Corrosion Resistance of 316L/CuSn10 Multi-Material Manufactured by Powder Bed Fusion

High Reflectivity and Thermal Conductivity Ag–Cu Multi-Material Structures Fabricated via Laser Powder Bed Fusion: Formation Mechanisms, Interfacial Characteristics, and Molten Pool Behavior

Functionally graded material via L-PBF: characterisation of multi-material junction between steels (AISI 316L/16MnCr5), copper (CuCrZr) and aluminium alloys (Al-Sc/AlSi10Mg)

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