Interface melding in cold spray titanium particle impact

King, Peter C.; Busch, Christian; Kittel-Sherri, Teresa; Jahedi, Mahnaz; Gulizia, Stefan

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2013.11.039

Cited by 66 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The second issue is that how strong the metallurgical bonding is or how significant is the contribution of metallurgical bonding to the final adhesion or cohesion, as compared to the so-called mechanical interlocking effect in TSed coatings. [48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55] The third question concerns the possible localised interface melting and its effect on adhesion. [56][57][58][59][60][61] The fourth issue is how submicron-or nano-sized ceramic particles are bonded in some circumstances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Advanced Composite and Nanostructured Coatings by Solid-State Cold Spraying Process

Assadi

Gaertner

et al. 2018

Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences

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Cold spraying (CS) has been widely explored over the last decade due to its low process temperature and limited thermal effect on spray materials. As a solid-state process, the inherent deficiencies of traditional thermal spraying such as oxidation, decomposition and grain growth are avoided. This article summarizes the research work on the fabrication of composites and nanostructured coatings by the promising CS process. After a brief introduction to CS and its deposition mechanisms, the preparation methods of spray powders are classified. Different methods are appropriate for particles of various properties, and the tendency is to design composite powders by combined methods in order to create coatings with specified properties. Then the co-deposition mechanism of composite particles as well as research findings on metal-metal, metal-ceramic and metal-intermetallic composite coatings are reviewed concerning the deposition characteristics, microstructure and its relation to properties. Moreover, CS has been used to deposit a variety of nanostructured materials, including metals, metal-ceramic composites, and even ceramics, retaining their nanocrystalline nature in the coating without grain growth or phase transformation. Finally, the potential applications of CS and issues to be addressed in coating deposition are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24 Several important factors influence the critical velocity, i.e. materials properties, 4,36,37 particle surface oxidation 50,[64][65][66] and particle/substrate temperature. 39,64,[67][68][69][70][71][72][73] The process parameters that influence these factors will affect the coating deposition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Advanced Composite and Nanostructured Coatings by Solid-State Cold Spraying Process

Assadi

Gaertner

et al. 2018

Critical Reviews in Solid State and Materials Sciences

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“…Experimental measurements of reduced oxide content in cold spray coatings as compared to initial powder feedstock underpins an argument for oxide layer breakup [22]. Small spherical ejecta found in the coating [20] or intermetallic detected at the interface [23] suggest localized melting or interdiffusion.More consensus, however, has been attained around postmortem observations of material jets around the periphery of adhered particles [16,24,25]. We have recently, for the first time, conducted in situ observations of the impact behavior of individual supersonic metallic microparticles below and above the critical velocity and found that material ejection and jetting are crucial for adhesion [26,27].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More consensus, however, has been attained around postmortem observations of material jets around the periphery of adhered particles [16,24,25]. We have recently, for the first time, conducted in situ observations of the impact behavior of individual supersonic metallic microparticles below and above the critical velocity and found that material ejection and jetting are crucial for adhesion [26,27].…”

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confidence: 99%

Melting Can Hinder Impact-Induced Adhesion

et al. 2017

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Melting has long been used to join metallic materials, from welding to selective laser melting in additive manufacturing. In the same school of thought, localized melting has been generally perceived as an advantage, if not the main mechanism, for the adhesion of metallic microparticles to substrates during a supersonic impact. Here, we conduct the first in situ supersonic impact observations of individual metallic microparticles aimed at the explicit study of melting effects. Counterintuitively, we find that under at least some conditions melting is disadvantageous and hinders impact-induced adhesion. In the parameter space explored, i.e., ∼10 μm particle size and ∼1 km=s particle velocity, we argue that the solidification time is much longer than the residence time of the particle on the substrate, so that resolidification cannot be a significant factor in adhesion. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.175701 Understanding materials physics under impact has motivated extensive research in areas ranging from asteroid strikes [1] and ballistic deposition [2] to mechanochemical synthesis [3], materials failures [4,5], structural modification [6], and phase transformation [7]. Less conventionally, three decades ago, metallic powder particles were first observed to bond to metallic substrates under supersonicimpact conditions at low temperatures [8]. The notion of impact-induced adhesion, thereafter, has been implemented in powder processing through kinetic deposition or cold spray [9,10]. Kinetic deposition has proven successful in making coatings [11][12][13], in reclaiming damaged metallic surfaces [14], and in additively manufacturing bulk metallic materials [15].In this area of impact science, researchers have repeatedly observed a material-dependent critical velocity [16,17] [20] have been put forth to explain the underlying mechanism(s) of impact-induced adhesion, each of which enjoys partial support from observational data. For instance, sharp jumps observed in the temperature and strain in Lagrangian impact simulations have been used to support an argument for adiabatic shear localization [16,21]. Experimental measurements of reduced oxide content in cold spray coatings as compared to initial powder feedstock underpins an argument for oxide layer breakup [22]. Small spherical ejecta found in the coating [20] or intermetallic detected at the interface [23] suggest localized melting or interdiffusion.More consensus, however, has been attained around postmortem observations of material jets around the periphery of adhered particles [16,24,25]. We have recently, for the first time, conducted in situ observations of the impact behavior of individual supersonic metallic microparticles below and above the critical velocity and found that material ejection and jetting are crucial for adhesion [26,27]. We argued that neither shear localization nor melting are needed to account for material ejection. Rather, it can arise from the interaction of the impactinduced pressure wave with the contact periphery of the particle. A...

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“…Grigoriev et al, 2 analyzing the existence of fusion at particle/substrate interface, showed that the kinetic energy to deposit the particles plus the thermal energy of the particles during the spraying process are smaller than the energy required to promote the fusion of particle/substrate interface for different coatings and substrates 20,21 . The plastic deformation is also an energy dissipation process and the increase of temperature at interfacial region due to the particles deposition is not enough to allow the material diffusion between the phases 2,8,15 , and depending on the particle/substrate nature four interfases can be distinguished: soft / soft; hard / hard, soft / hard and hard / soft and the consequences of the different sizes of the thermal boost-up zone on the aspects of the adiabatic shear instability were discussed 20 .…”

Section: Fundamental Principles Of Cgsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold gas spray coatings: basic principles corrosion protection and applications

et al. 2017

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ABSTRACT:In this review, the beginnings and evolution of the cold gas spray (CGS) technique are described, followed by the main fundamental aspects of the technique together with a description of the several spraying systems up to date. Sequentially, the main spray parameters and their influence on the properties of the coatings are reported. Afterwards, the most important methodologies for preparing the feedstock powders to be sprayed, the effect of the powder composition, microstructure, particle size and shape on the properties of the coatings are discussed. The nature of the spray gun and nozzle, and the substrate pre-treatments were also discussed. With regard to microstructure and properties, the chemical and physical characterization of the coatings and the performance in protecting the substrates against corrosion together with some mechanical properties are presented and compared. The lacking systematic studies about the great part of investigated systems is the main drawback to compare the published results. Closing this review, the main applications, and the potentialities of the CGS coatings are evidenced.

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Interface melding in cold spray titanium particle impact

Cited by 66 publications

References 30 publications

A Review of Advanced Composite and Nanostructured Coatings by Solid-State Cold Spraying Process

A Review of Advanced Composite and Nanostructured Coatings by Solid-State Cold Spraying Process

Melting Can Hinder Impact-Induced Adhesion

Cold gas spray coatings: basic principles corrosion protection and applications

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