Interface Engineering in Perovskite Solar Cells by Low Concentration of Phenylethyl Ammonium Iodide Solution in the Antisolvent Step

Ripolles, Teresa S.; Serafini, Patricio; Redondo-Obispo, Carlos; Climent‐Pascual, Esteban; Masi, Sofia; Mora‐Seró, Iván; Coya, Carmen

doi:10.1002/ente.202100890

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…To distinguish between these factors, we performed experiments on samples of two-dimensional Ruddlesden–Popper layered perovskites containing phenylethylammonium (PEA + ) spacers, , which allow the dynamic FA + cation to be removed and systematically reintroduced in the different homologues. These low-dimensional perovskites are characterized by the number of inorganic layers per organic layer ( n ), as shown in Figure a.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Enables NMR of Surface Passivating Agents on Hybrid Perovskite Thin Films

et al. 2022

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Surface and bulk molecular modulators are the key to improving the efficiency and stability of hybrid perovskite solar cells. However, due to their low concentration, heterogeneous environments, and low sample mass, it remains challenging to characterize their structure and dynamics at the atomic level, as required to establish structure–activity relationships. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has revealed a wealth of information on the atomic-level structure of hybrid perovskites, but the inherent insensitivity of NMR severely limits its utility to characterize thin-film samples. Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) can enhance NMR sensitivity by orders of magnitude, but DNP methods for perovskite materials have so far been limited. Here, we determined the factors that limit the efficiency of DNP NMR for perovskite samples by systematically studying layered hybrid perovskite analogues. We find that the fast-relaxing dynamic cation is the major impediment to higher DNP efficiency, while microwave absorption and particle morphology play a secondary role. We then show that the former can be mitigated by deuteration, enabling 1H DNP enhancement factors of up to 100, which can be harnessed to enhance signals from dopants or additives present in very low concentrations. Specifically, using this new DNP methodology at a high magnetic field and with small sample volumes, we have recorded the NMR spectrum of the 20 nm (6 μg) passivating layer on a single perovskite thin film, revealing a two-dimensional (2D) layered perovskite structure at the surface that resembles the n = 1 homologue but which has greater disorder than in bulk layered perovskites.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Enables NMR of Surface Passivating Agents on Hybrid Perovskite Thin Films

et al. 2022

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“…Ripolles et al., used ORIS to analyze the interface treatment in single‐cation and double‐cation PSCs. [ 90 ] A very low concentration of phenylethyl ammonium iodide (PEAI) salt (0.0002–0.012 m ) was added during the antisolvent step in device fabrication to passivate interfacial vacancies and improve moisture stability. IS measurements were performed at V OC under 1 Sun illumination for PSCs with and without PEAI.…”

Section: Common Is Measurement Protocols For Perovskite Solar Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Protocols: Understanding the Electrical Behavior of Perovskite Solar Cells by Impedance Spectroscopy

Ghahremanirad

Almora

Drew

et al. 2023

Advanced Energy Materials

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Impedance spectroscopy (IS) is an effective characterization technique used to probe and distinguish charge dynamics occurring at different timescales in optoelectronic and electric devices. With the rapid rise of research being conducted on perovskite solar cells (PSCs), IS has significantly contributed to the understanding of their device performance and degradation mechanisms, including metastable effects such as current–voltage hysteresis. The ionic–electronic behavior of PSCs and the presence of a wide variety of perovskite compositions and cell architectures add complexity to the accurate interpretation of the physical processes occurring in these devices. In this review, the most common IS protocols are explained to help perform accurate impedance measurements on PSC devices. It critically reviews the most commonly used equivalent circuits alongside drift‐diffusion modeling as a complementary technique to analyze the impedance response of PSCs. As an emerging method for characterizing the interfacial recombination between the perovskite layer and selective contacts, light intensity modulated impedance spectroscopy technique is further discussed. Lastly, important works on the application of IS measurement protocols for PSCs are summarized followed by a detailed discussion, providing a critical perspective and outlook on the growing topic of IS on PSCs.

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“…38 In 2016, Han et al utilized PCBM for the rst time to create a graded heterojunction between a perovskite and PCBM, using a one-step antisolvent fabrication method to achieve a controlled fullerene distribution. 39 Subsequently, other approaches were presented, including mainly organic molecules [40][41][42] and perovskite quantum dots, [43][44][45] but also polymers. 46 In the present study, we employ OABr for the rst time in inverted PSCs, by inserting OABr in an antisolvent mixture.…”

Section: Sustainablementioning

confidence: 99%

An efficient approach for controlling the crystallization, strain, and defects of the perovskite film in hybrid perovskite solar cells through antisolvent engineering

Tzoganakis

Chatzimanolis

Spiliarotis

et al. 2023

Sustainable Energy Fuels

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Interface Engineering in Perovskite Solar Cells by Low Concentration of Phenylethyl Ammonium Iodide Solution in the Antisolvent Step

Cited by 5 publications

References 40 publications

Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Enables NMR of Surface Passivating Agents on Hybrid Perovskite Thin Films

Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Enables NMR of Surface Passivating Agents on Hybrid Perovskite Thin Films

Beyond Protocols: Understanding the Electrical Behavior of Perovskite Solar Cells by Impedance Spectroscopy

An efficient approach for controlling the crystallization, strain, and defects of the perovskite film in hybrid perovskite solar cells through antisolvent engineering

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