“…[1,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]21,22] Furthermore, substantial experimental efforts have been dedicated to investigating the role of oxide interfaces, and there is significant progress in elucidating novel phenomena in oxide heterostructures. [1][2][3]8,35] For instance, observed novel phenomena include superionic conductivity, superconductivity, high electronic mobility, magnetoelectric coupling, quantum transport effect, ferroelectricity, metal-insulator transition, enhanced thermal transport, enhanced radiation resistance, lattice-electron coupling, and spin-orbit coupling. [1][2][3]6,8,19,22,35] Nevertheless, fundamental understanding pertaining to the atomic-scale processes and mechanisms responsible for the origin of the aforementioned emergent phenomena in oxide heterostructures is not easily accessible from experiments due to, for example, buried interfaces encountered during synthesis.…”