Interface Defeat of Long-Rod Projectiles by Ceramic Armor

Hauver, George E.; Rapacki, Edward J; Netherwood, Paul H; Benck, Ralph F.

doi:10.21236/ada609092

Cited by 33 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…It is obvious that SiC failure does not start from the ceramic interface; however it is initiated at a distance below the impact site. This compares well with experimental observations of LaSalvia et al [18] and Hauver et al [19] for SiC targets under dwell/interface defeat condition. The initial failure position for this case locates around 1.35 mm below the impact site.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Pre-stress effect on confined ceramic armor ballistic performance

Chi

Serjouei

Idapalapati

et al. 2015

International Journal of Impact Engineering

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Pre-stress effect on confined ceramic armor ballistic performance

Chi

Serjouei

Idapalapati

et al. 2015

International Journal of Impact Engineering

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“…Editor; Bo S. G. Janzon. [5,6]. A possible explanation to this observation has been proposed in Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Indices iJ are the generic spatial variables r, cp, and z, and A is the radius ç of the circular limit of the distribution of projectile pressure. The radial stress an-at the target surface z = 0 is explicitly expressed as z = 0 (5) with its maximum at the radius r = ri. The factor 2 in Eq.…”

Section: Projectile Pressure and Stress Field In The Targetmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interface defeat in ceramic targets has been studied extensively [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] and signifies that an impacting projectile is forced to flow radially outwards without significantly penetrating the ceramic material. The contact boundary between the projectile and the ceramic is usually the outer ceramic surface but can also be in between different layers or at an interior boundary, e.g., a crack surface, within the ceramic material itself.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Length Scale on the Transition From Interface Defeat to Penetration in Unconfined Ceramic Targets

Lundberg¹,

Renström²,

Andersson

2013

Journal of Applied Mechanics

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One observation from interface defeat experiments with thick ceramic targets is that confinement and prestress becomes less important if the test scale is reduced. A small unconfined target can show similar transition velocity as a large and heavily confined target. A possible explanation for this behavior is that the transition velocity depends on the formation and growth of macro cracks. Since the crack resistance increases with decreasing length scale, the extension of a crack in a small-scale target will need a stronger stress field, viz., a higher impact velocity, in order to propagate. An analytical model for the relation between projectile load, corresponding stress field, and the propagation of a cone-shaped crack under a state of interface defeat has been formulated. It is based on the assumption that the transition from interface defeat to penetration is controlled by the growth of the cone crack to a critical length. The model is compared to experimentally determined transition velocities for ceramic targets in different sizes, representing a linear scale factor of ten. The model shows that the projectile pressure at transition is proportional to one over the square root of the length scale. The experiments with small targets follow this relation as long as the projectile pressure at transition exceeds the bound of tensile failure of the ceramic. Eor larger targets, the transition will become independent of length scale and only depend on the tensile strength of the ceramic material.Both the experiments and the model indicate that scaling of interface defeat needs to be done with caution and that experimental data from one length scale needs to be examined carefully before extrapolating to another.

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“…The phenomenon of interface defeat, and in particular, the transition velocity from dwell to penetration, is not well understood. Researchers have developed very complicated targets with lateral confinements, backings, and different types of cover plate systems and have attributed interface defeat to a large variety of geometric properties, confinement, and hypothesized mechanics 1–4 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dwell and Interface Defeat on Borosilicate Glass

Anderson

Holmquist

Orphal

et al. 2010

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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We have conducted impact experiments using gold long rods into borosilicate glass and the measured the penetration velocity as a function of impact velocity. At sufficiently low‐impact velocities, the glass target resists penetration and there is dwell; dwell is observed to approximately 450 m/s for bare glass. If a copper buffer is placed over the glass to eliminate the impact shock, significant dwell can be seen at impact velocities as high as 890 m/s. These impact velocities correspond to Bernoulli stresses of approximately 2.0 and 7.6 GPa, respectively. The paper describes the experimental data, and summarizes the results and our findings.

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Interface Defeat of Long-Rod Projectiles by Ceramic Armor

Cited by 33 publications

References 8 publications

Pre-stress effect on confined ceramic armor ballistic performance

Pre-stress effect on confined ceramic armor ballistic performance

Influence of Length Scale on the Transition From Interface Defeat to Penetration in Unconfined Ceramic Targets

Dwell and Interface Defeat on Borosilicate Glass

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