Interface configuration of the two layered laminar flow in a curved microchannel

Yamaguchi, Yoshiko; Takagi, Fuminori; Watari, Takanori; Yamashita, Kenichi; Nakamura, Hiroyuki; Shimizu, Hazime; Maeda, Hideaki

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2003.10.018

Cited by 58 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Interface configuration of the two layered laminar flow in a curved microchannel Yamaguchi et al examined the fluid interface in curved microchannels [19]. The findings reinforce the theory of microchannels design, this design theory is based on three-dimensional comprehension of fluids and their associated mixing behaviour.…”

Section: Effect Of Geometry On Pulsed Flow Micromixingsupporting

confidence: 53%

An Overview of Microfluidic Mixing Application

Naher

Orpen

Brabazon

et al. 2009

AMR

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Abstract.Microfluidics is a technology where application span the biomedical field and beyond. Single cell analysis, tissue engineering, capillary electrophoresis, cancer detection, and immunoassays are just some of the applications within the medical field where microfluidics have excelled. The development of microfluidic technology has lead to novel research into fuel cells, ink jet printing, microreactors and electronic component cooling areas as diverse as food, pharmaceutics, cosmetics, medicine and biotechnology have benefited from these developments. Since laminar flow is prevailing at most flow regimes in the micro-scale, thorough mixing is a challenge within microfluidics. Therefore, understanding the flow fields on the micro-scale is key to the development of methods for successfully microfluidic mixing applications.

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Section: Effect Of Geometry On Pulsed Flow Micromixingsupporting

confidence: 53%

An Overview of Microfluidic Mixing Application

Naher

Orpen

Brabazon

et al. 2009

AMR

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“…Therefore, assuming that the laminar flow layer containing excess protons occupies half of the distance from the capillary to the channel wall, it is not unreasonable to expect complete equilibration of proton concentration within the mixer based on diffusion alone. Furthermore, massive rearrangement of the laminar flow profile upon the incorporation of fluid exiting the notch may significantly enhance mixing efficiency [30].…”

Section: Mixingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A versatile microfluidic chip for millisecond time-scale kinetic studies by electrospray mass spectrometry

Rob

Wilson

2009

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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An electrospray coupled microfluidic reactor for the measurement of millisecond time-scale, solution phase kinetics is introduced. The device incorporates a simple two-channel design that is etched into polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) by laser ablation. The outlet of the device is laser cut to a sharp tip, facilitating low dead volume 'on chip' electrospray. Fabrication is fast, straightforward and highly reproducible, supporting rapid prototyping and large-scale reproduction. Device performance is characterized using a cytochrome c unfolding reaction. Unfolding processes with rates in excess of 30 s Ϫ1 are easily measured, including the appearance of a 'native-like' intermediate that is maximally populated 180 ms post reaction initiation. To extract reliable rates from the data, a theoretical framework for the analysis of kinetics acquired under square-channel laminar flow is introduced. (J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2009, 20, 124 -130)

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confidence: 99%

“…Variations of helical and twisted pipe arrangements have been investigated to enhance mixing in microfluidic systems; however, the corresponding nonplanar flow geometries often require multilevel or specialized fabrication processes that can introduce added complexity (17,19,28,29). Conversely, the design of planar curved microchannels capable of sustaining transverse circulation over a sufficient downstream distance to compensate for the incompatibility between flow and diffusion timescales also has proven challenging (30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37).In this work, we show how these limitations can be overcome so that transverse Dean flows can be readily harnessed at the microscale to enable efficient micromixing in topologically simple and easily fabricated planar smooth-walled 2D microchannels. Two unique micromixer designs are described as follows: (i) a planar split-and-recombine (P-SAR) arrangement capable of generating multiple alternating lamellae of individual fluid species, and (ii) an asymmetric serpentine micromixer (ASM) configuration coupling vertical transverse Dean flow effects with the action of expansion vortices in the horizontal plane.…”

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confidence: 99%

Multivortex micromixing

Sudarsan

Ugaz

2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

291

221

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The ability to mix liquids in microchannel networks is fundamentally important in the design of nearly every miniaturized chemical and biochemical analysis system. Here, we show that enhanced micromixing can be achieved in topologically simple and easily fabricated planar 2D microchannels by simply introducing curvature and changes in width in a prescribed manner. This goal is accomplished by harnessing a synergistic combination of (i) Dean vortices that arise in the vertical plane of curved channels as a consequence of an interplay between inertial, centrifugal, and viscous effects, and (ii) expansion vortices that arise in the horizontal plane due to an abrupt increase in a conduit's cross-sectional area. We characterize these effects by using confocal microscopy of aqueous fluorescent dye streams and by observing binding interactions between an intercalating dye and double-stranded DNA. These mixing approaches are versatile and scalable and can be straightforwardly integrated as generic components in a variety of lab-on-a-chip systems.Dean flow ͉ expansion vortex ͉ microfluidics ͉ lab on a chip A lthough microf luidic mixing is a key process in a host of miniaturized analysis systems (1-7), it continues to pose challenges owing to constraints associated with operating in an unfavorable laminar f low regime dominated by molecular diffusion and characterized by a combination of low Reynolds numbers (Re ϭ Vd͞v Ͻ Ͻ 100, where V is the f low velocity, d is a length scale associated with the channel diameter, and v is the f luid kinematic viscosity) and high Péclet numbers (Pe ϭ Vd͞D Ͼ 100, where D is the molecular diffusivity). The relatively large discrepancy between convective and diffusive timescales implies that in a straight smooth-walled microchannel, the downstream distances over which liquids must travel to become fully intermixed (⌬y m ϳ Vd 2 ͞D ϭ Pe ϫ d) can be on the order of several centimeters. These mixing lengths are generally prohibitively long and often negate many of the benefits of miniaturization.A wide variety of micromixing approaches have been explored (8, 9), most of which can be broadly classified as either ''active'' (involving input of external energy) or ''passive'' (harnessing the inherent hydrodynamic structure of specific flow fields to mix fluids in the absence of external forces). Passive designs are often desirable in applications involving sensitive species (e.g., biological samples) because they do not impose strong mechanical, electrical, or thermal agitation. Examples of passive micromixing approaches that have been widely investigated include the following: (i) ''split-and-recombine'' strategies where the streams to be mixed are divided or split into multiple channels and redirected along trajectories that allow them to be subsequently reassembled as alternating lamellae yielding exponential reductions in interspecies diffusion length and time scales (4, 10-12); and (ii) ''chaotic'' strategies where transverse flows are passively generated that continuously expand interfacial...

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Interface configuration of the two layered laminar flow in a curved microchannel

Cited by 58 publications

References 14 publications

An Overview of Microfluidic Mixing Application

An Overview of Microfluidic Mixing Application

A versatile microfluidic chip for millisecond time-scale kinetic studies by electrospray mass spectrometry

Multivortex micromixing

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