Interface Characterization and Control of 2D Materials and Heterostructures

Abstract

2D materials and heterostructures have attracted significant attention for a variety of nanoelectronic and optoelectronic applications. At the atomically thin limit, the material characteristics and functionalities are dominated by surface chemistry and interface coupling. Therefore, methods for comprehensively characterizing and precisely controlling surfaces and interfaces are required to realize the full technological potential of 2D materials. Here, the surface and interface properties that govern the performance of 2D materials are introduced. Then the experimental approaches that resolve surface and interface phenomena down to the atomic scale, as well as strategies that allow tuning and optimization of interfacial interactions in van der Waals heterostructures, are systematically reviewed. Finally, a future outlook that delineates the remaining challenges and opportunities for 2D material interface characterization and control is presented.

The Electronic Structure and Optical Properties of Two‐Dimensional BiOX–YO3 (X = Cl, Br, and I; Y = Mo, W) Heterostructures

“…The large lattice mismatch is sufficient to www.advancedsciencenews.com www.pss-b.com trigger additional Jahn-Teller distortions and affect the splitting of crystal, which correspondingly alters the electronic structure and photoelectric properties. [65,66] Thus, the enhanced optical properties can be attributed to the comparably large lattice mismatch between the isolated BiOI and MoO 3 /WO 3 layers (Table 1). Our calculations show that the lattice mismatch in BiOI-MoO 3 and BiOI-WO 3 not only make the heterostructure direct semiconductor (in contrast to other BiOX-YO 3 ), but also decreased the band gap as well as the gap between the CB and VB centers.…”

2D/2D heterostructured photocatalyst: Rational design for energy and environmental applications

“…The interfacial coupling in 2D/2D photocatalysts The activity and stability of the 2D/2D photocatalysts are highly dependent on the type and quality of the interface in 2D/2D photocatalysts [26]. Generally, the layers in 2D material heterostructures can be combined by covalent bonding and van der Waals (vdW) forces [27]. To form a well-defined covalent bonding interface in 2D/2D photocatalysts, it needs not only the lattice constant matching, but also valence matching on each side of the interface [3,27] (Fig.…”

“…Generally, the layers in 2D material heterostructures can be combined by covalent bonding and van der Waals (vdW) forces [27]. To form a well-defined covalent bonding interface in 2D/2D photocatalysts, it needs not only the lattice constant matching, but also valence matching on each side of the interface [3,27] (Fig. 3a).…”

“…3b). Although vdW force is weak, the formed interaction can still mediate various types of coupling across the 2D/2D interface [3,27]. For example, it can redistribute the charges at interfaces to balance the chemical potential, which would result in band bending phenomena in the 2D/2D photocatalysts.…”

Ångström-Scale, Atomically Thin 2D Materials for Corrosion Mitigation and Passivation

“…Among the bottom-up techniques, atomic layer deposition of 2D materials has been restricted to TMDCs. Pulse laser deposition of 2D material has an inherent issue of high crystallinity or amorphous nature as well as imprecise control over deposition thickness [107]. On the other hand, CVD is a widely accepted high-temperature, large-scale 2D material growth technique.…”