Interethnic Conflicts

Scattering matrix approach to the description of quantum electron transport

“…18 Electron transport in the presence of time-dependent fields can also be described by means of scattering matrices, which was discussed, e.g., in Refs. [70][71][72][73][74][75]. We do not consider this question because of the limited scope of our review.…”

Optimal noninvasive measurement of full counting statistics by a single qubit

“…Within mesoscopic physics, Landauer's scattering matrix approach 1 provides a very physical and straightforward technique for the calculation of the average current [1][2][3][4] and noise [5][6][7][8][9] , as well as higher moments. The quantity which fully characterizes the random process of charge transport is given by the so-called Full Counting Statistics (FCS), telling what charge Q = me is transmitted through the device during a fixed time t. 10 The first calculation 11 of the probability distribution function P t (m) for the FCS goes back to 1992 and was quickly developed further [12][13][14] . Various generalizations and applications have been proposed, e.g., the current noise in a normal-metalsuperconductor point contact 15 , the electron transfer between superconductors 16 , charge pumping 17 and charge transfer 18 in the Coulomb blockade regime, the extension to energy-dependent scatterers 19 , the statistical properties of the persistent current in nanostructures 20 , or the fluctuations in the heat current in a quantum conductor 21 or between two superconductors 22 , to name just a few of the numerous theoretical studies.…”