Interesting growth features in potassium dihydrogen phosphate: unravelling the origin and dynamics of point defects in single crystals

Abstract

In a potassium dihydrogen phosphate single crystal grown by the temperaturelowering technique, some interesting growth features revealing the origin of point defects, their agglomeration and dynamics were observed. High-resolution X-ray diffractometry was employed for in-depth studies of the observed defects. Since the crucial properties of crystal-based devices are very much influenced by such defects, this is an important experimental finding with respect to improving growth techniques or conditions to avoid such defects.

Growth and Characterization of Non-Linear Optical Single Crystal: L-cysteine Hydrochloride Monohydrate

“…Single crystal X-ray diraction analysis Single crystal X-ray diraction analysis for the grown crystals LCB was carried out to identify the cell parameters using an MESSRS ENRAF NONIUS CAD 4, The Netherlands, automatic X-ray diractometer. The lattice parameters were calculated by using least-squares renement and were found to be: a = 19.43 Å, b = 7.21 Å, c = 5.54 Å and the crystal belonged to orthorhombic system and space group P 2 1 2 1 2 1 which agreed well with the reported values [19].…”

Crystalline perfection, EPR, prism coupler and UV-VIS-NIR studies on Cz-grown Fe-doped LiNbO3: A photorefractive nonlinear optical crystal

“…9 The dopants incorporate homogeneously throughout the crystal lattice only up to a certain level of doping concentration according to the accommodation capability of the lattice and the size and ionic state of the dopants. 10,11 However, when the concentration of dopants in the crystal increases, the high geometric strains develop in the lattice and while the crystal tries to relax, dynamics of point defects take place and result in agglomeration of point defects, formation of dislocations 12 and finally leads to structural boundaries. 13 These defects mask or partially/completely deteriorate some of the anisotropic physical properties of single crystals and reduce the efficiency of the devices made out of these crystals.…”

Growth, crystal perfection, optical and electrical properties of organic crystal: Brucinium 5-sulfosalicylate trihydrate

“…These types of structural defects are probably due to strains developed in the crystal during the growth process due to thermal/mechanical fluctuations. Another cause could be the fast growth [14]. The influence of such defects may not influence much on the NLO properties.…”