Interdisciplinary Research in Alzheimer’s Disease and the Roles International Societies Can Play

Tan, Shawn Zheng Kai; Zhao, Robert Chunhua; Chakrabarti, Sasanka; Stambler, Ilia; Jin, Kunlin; Lim, Lee Wei

doi:10.14336/ad.2020.0602

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…We first confirmed that our aged animal model had declined memory function in the Morris water maze. This memory deficit in naturally aged rats is important, considering a major limitation of the aged animal model is that they might not spontaneously develop AD like pathologies [25]. Similar to our previous study using middle-aged animals [7], we found that memory improvements were accompanied by an anxiolytic effect as seen by less time spent in centre zone of the open field test.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Briefly, individual animals were placed in the middle of the open field (100 × 100 × 40 cm made of black plexiglass) under a low-light setting and allowed to explore for 300 s. The behaviour of each animal was video-recorded and the distance travelled and duration of time spent in the different zones was analysed using Anymaze 5.0. The MWM test was conducted on week 4 (days [22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Animals (PrL DBS, n = 12; sham, n = 13) received 30 min of electrical stimulation (or sham stimulation) prior to MWM test during 8:00-14:00 h (Fig.…”

Section: Behavioural Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prelimbic Cortical Stimulation Improves Spatial Memory Through Distinct Patterns of Hippocampal Gene Expression in Aged Rats

et al. 2020

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Dementia poses major health challenges worldwide, yet current treatments are faced with issues of efficacy and toxicity. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising non-pharmacological treatment for dementia, but most DBS studies use young healthy animals, which may not be aetiologically relevant. In this study, we used an aged rat model in which cognitive decline occurs through a natural ageing process. We used a Morris water maze (MWM) to determine the effects of prelimbic cortex (PrL) DBS on memory in aged rats. To investigate the underlying mechanisms of the effects of DBS, we carried out microarray, quantitative PCR analysis, and mass spectrometry to detect gene expression and neurotransmitter changes in the hippocampus. We showed PrL DBS improved the performance in MWM, with related distinct patterns of gene expression involving G protein-coupled receptor pathways. We further found neurotransmitter changes in the dorsal hippocampus, which corroborated and extended the microarray findings. Our results suggest that non-neurogenesis pathways play roles in the effects of DBS. Further studies are needed to investigate the effects of DBS on memory beyond neurogenesis and to consider the highlighted pathways suggested by our data.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Behavioural Protocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prelimbic Cortical Stimulation Improves Spatial Memory Through Distinct Patterns of Hippocampal Gene Expression in Aged Rats

et al. 2020

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“…How brain function arises from collections of interconnected neurons is perhaps the most significant question in neuroscience [145]. How neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer and Parkinson progress is an equally important question in biomedicine [146,147], as is understanding the effects of pharmaceuticals on neural circuits [148,149]. Limitations in our ability to observe action potentials at neuron-level and in real time, are a major barrier to answering this questions.…”

Section: Quantum-enabled Bioimagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Biotechnology

Mauranyapin¹,

Terrason²,

Bowen³

2021

Preprint

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Quantum technologies leverage the laws of quantum physics to achieve performance advantages in applications ranging from computing to communications and sensing. They have been proposed to have a range of applications in biological science. This includes better microscopes and biosensors, improved simulations of molecular processes, and new capabilities to control the behaviour of biomolecules and chemical reactions. Quantum effects are also predicted, with much debate, to have functional benefits in biology, for instance, allowing more efficient energy transport and improving the rate of enzyme catalysis. Conversely, the robustness of biological systems to disorder from their environment has led to proposals to use them as components within quantum technologies, for instance as light sources for quantum communication systems. Together, this breadth of prospective applications at the interface of quantum and biological science suggests that quantum physics will play an important role in stimulating future biotechnological advances. This review aims to provide an overview of this emerging field of quantum biotechnology, introducing current capabilities, future prospects, and potential areas of impact. The review is written to be accessible to the non-expert and focuses on the four key areas of quantum-enabled sensing, quantum-enabled imaging, quantum biomolecular control, and quantum effects in biology.

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“…Early diagnosis of AD is critical, as the progression to later stages can result in nonreversible symptoms such as severe cognitive and functional declines, as well as high mortality rate 5 . However, early diagnosis of AD can be difficult, as initial and intermediate symptoms of AD can be overlooked, misdiagnosed as symptoms of other conditions, or mistaken for signs of old age 6 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 However, early diagnosis of AD can be difficult, as initial and intermediate symptoms of AD can be overlooked, misdiagnosed as symptoms of other conditions, or mistaken for signs of old age. 6 Analysis of brains from patients at various stages of AD indicates a decline in neurogenesis as the disease progresses. 7 Even at a very early stage before AD-related pathologies and clinical symptoms manifest, such declines in neurogenesis can occur accompanied by a substantial impairment of neuronal maturation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic potential of neurogenesis and melatonin regulation in Alzheimer's disease

Mihardja

Roy

Wong

et al. 2020

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the hallmark pathologies of amyloid-beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Symptoms of this devastating disease include behavioral changes and deterioration of higher cognitive functions. Impairment of neurogenesis has also been shown to occur in AD, which adversely impacts new neuronal cell growth, differentiation, and survival. This impairment possibly results from the cumulative effects of the various pathologies of AD. Preclinical studies have suggested that the administration of melatonin-the pineal hormone primarily responsible for the regulation of the circadian rhythm-targets the effects of AD pathologies and improves cognitive impairment. It is postulated that by mitigating the effect of these pathologies, melatonin can also rescue neurogenesis impairment. This review aims to explore the effect of AD pathologies on neurogenesis, as well as the mechanisms by which melatonin is able to ameliorate AD pathologies to potentially promote neurogenesis.

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Interdisciplinary Research in Alzheimer’s Disease and the Roles International Societies Can Play

Cited by 13 publications

References 51 publications

Prelimbic Cortical Stimulation Improves Spatial Memory Through Distinct Patterns of Hippocampal Gene Expression in Aged Rats

Prelimbic Cortical Stimulation Improves Spatial Memory Through Distinct Patterns of Hippocampal Gene Expression in Aged Rats

Quantum Biotechnology

Therapeutic potential of neurogenesis and melatonin regulation in Alzheimer's disease

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