Interdisciplinary Planning for Healthier Communities: Findings from the Harlem Children's Zone Asthma Initiative

Spielman, Seth E.; Golembeski, Cynthia; Northridge, Mary E.; Vaughan, Roger; Swaner, Rachel; Jean-Louis, Betina; Shoemaker, Katherine; Klihr-Beall, Sandra; Polley, Eric C.; Cushman, Linda F.; Ortiz, Benjamin; Hutchinson, Vincent E.; Nicholas, Stephen W.; Marx, Terry; Hayes, Roger N.; Goodman, Andrew; Sclar, Elliott D.

doi:10.1080/01944360608976727

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…During follow up, children enrolled in the asthma intervention are being assessed for asthma management, including inhaled corticosteroid use. 22,36 We did not find a significant difference in prevalence of asthma diagnosis or symptoms with younger age; however, it is still possible that differential diagnosis by age could have influenced our findings by age group. Finally, our method of recruitment was intended for reaching as many diagnosed and undiagnosed asthmatic children as possible within the 60-block area of the HCZ and was not designed to achieve a representative sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Childhood Asthma and Extreme Values of Body Mass Index: The Harlem Children’s Zone Asthma Initiative

et al. 2006

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To examine the association between body mass index (BMI) percentile and asthma in children 2-11 years of age, we performed a cross-sectional analysis of 853 Black and Hispanic children from a community-based sample of 2-to 11-year olds with measured heights and weights screened for asthma by the Harlem Children's Zone Asthma Initiative. Current asthma was defined as parent/guardian-reported diagnosis of asthma and asthma-related symptoms or emergency care in the previous 12 months. Among girls, asthma prevalence increased approximately linearly with increasing body mass index (BMI) percentile, from a low of 12.0% among underweight girls (BMI e5th percentile) to a high of 33.3% among girls at risk for overweight (BMI 85th-94th percentile). Among boys, asthma prevalence was associated in a U-shaped curve with the extremes of BMI percentile, that is, 36.4% among underweight boys, 19.1% among normal weight boys (BMI 6th-84th percentile), and 34.8% among overweight boys (995th percentile). After adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, and household smoking, among girls, having asthma was associated with being at risk for overweight (odds ratio [OR], 2.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4-5.0) and being overweight (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.2-3.8) compared to normal weight; among boys, having asthma was associated both with overweight (OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.4-4.3) and with underweight (OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.1-7.7). Large, prospective studies that include very young children are needed to further explore the observed association between underweight and asthma among boys. Early interventions that concomitantly address asthma and weight gain are needed among pre-school and school-aged children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Childhood Asthma and Extreme Values of Body Mass Index: The Harlem Children’s Zone Asthma Initiative

et al. 2006

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“…We evaluated the total intervention effect of the comprehensive program, rather than the specific effect of any single program. Simultaneous deployment with a multi-component strategy, particularly one tailored to a community is more likely to effect change (Spielman, 2006). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Prevention Approach to Reducing Assault Offenses and Assault Injuries among Youth

et al. 2015

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Since 2011, the CDC-funded Michigan Youth Violence Prevention Center (MI-YVPC), working with community partners, has implemented a comprehensive prevention approach to reducing youth violence in Flint, MI, based on public health principles. MI-YVPC employed an intervention strategy that capitalizes on existing community resources and application of evidence-based programs using a social-ecological approach to change. We evaluated the combined effect of six programs in reducing assaults and injury among 10–24 year olds in the intervention area relative to a matched comparison community. We used generalized linear mixed models to examine change in the intervention area counts of reported assault offenses and assault injury presentation relative to the comparison area over a period six years prior- and two and a half years post-intervention. Results indicated that youth victimization and assault injuries fell in the intervention area subsequent to the initiation of the interventions and that these reductions were sustained over time. Our evaluation demonstrated that a comprehensive multi-level approach can be effective for reducing youth violence and injury.

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“…Stemming from disparities identified in this survey, the Healthy Homes Project aimed to reduce exposure to indoor asthma triggers among low-income urban children with asthma (53-55). This project has been translated by Sinai Health Systems in Chicago (56), and included home visits by community health workers (57, 58). …”

Section: The Example Of Housing and Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology, Policy, and Racial/Ethnic Minority Health Disparities

Carter‐Pokras

Offutt-Powell

Kaufman

et al. 2012

Annals of Epidemiology

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Purpose Epidemiologists have long contributed to policy efforts to address health disparities. Three examples illustrate how epidemiologists have addressed health disparities in the U.S. and abroad through a “social determinants of health” lens. Methods To identify examples of how epidemiologic research has been applied to reduce health disparities, we queried epidemiologists engaged in disparities research in the U.S., Canada, and New Zealand, and drew upon the scientific literature. Results Resulting examples covered a wide range of topic areas. Three areas selected for their contributions to policy were: 1) epidemiology's role in definition and measurement, 2) the study of housing and asthma, and 3) the study of food policy strategies to reduce health disparities. While epidemiologic research has done much to define and quantify health inequalities, it has generally been less successful at producing evidence that would identify targets for health equity intervention. Epidemiologists have a role to play in measurement and basic surveillance, etiologic research, intervention research, and evaluation research. However, our training and funding sources generally place greatest emphasis on surveillance and etiologic research. Conclusions: The complexity of health disparities requires better training for epidemiologists to effectively work in multidisciplinary teams. Together we can evaluate contextual and multilevel contributions to disease and study intervention programs in order to gain better insights into evidenced-based health equity strategies.

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Interdisciplinary Planning for Healthier Communities: Findings from the Harlem Children's Zone Asthma Initiative

Cited by 24 publications

References 20 publications

Childhood Asthma and Extreme Values of Body Mass Index: The Harlem Children’s Zone Asthma Initiative

Childhood Asthma and Extreme Values of Body Mass Index: The Harlem Children’s Zone Asthma Initiative

A Comprehensive Prevention Approach to Reducing Assault Offenses and Assault Injuries among Youth

Epidemiology, Policy, and Racial/Ethnic Minority Health Disparities

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