Interdependent Construal of Self and the Endorsement of Conflict Resolution Strategies in Interpersonal, Intergroup, and International Disputes

Abstract

Intergroup relations are more competitive and discordant than relations between interacting individuals. Social identity theory suggests that this discontinuity should be greatest among individuals who identify strongly with their in-group. To test this prediction, students from countries with collectivistic and individualistic cultures completed a measure of self-construal. They were then asked to identify how they would respond to a conflict, either with another individual, between their group and another group or between their country and another country. Participants responded more negatively to intergroup and international conflicts than to interpersonal conflicts. Self-construal, however, moderated this effect. Controlling for country of origin, students who were high in interdependence endorsed threat more and acceptance of the others' demands less in an international conflict versus an interpersonal conflict. Those low in interdependence differed less in their endorsement of conflict resolution strategies in an international versus an interpersonal conflict.

Crowd Modeling in Military Simulations: Requirements Analysis, Survey, and Design Study

“…This finding is supported by recent research [Derlega, 2002] in a test of inter-group relations and social identity theory. Here, subjects were asked how they would respond to a conflict, either with another individual, between their group and another group or between their country and another country.…”

“…* Territoriality [Weller, 1985] o Presence of other like-0 Fatigue [Berk, 1974] " Presence of agitator minded [Berk, 1974] [Feinberg, 1988] 0 Proximity to like minded a Disappointment * Presence of police [Berk, 1974] [Duggan, 1990] [Aveni, 1977] 0 Weapon availability 0 Perception of own * Curiosity [Berk, 1974] [ Berkowitz, 1964] strength/self-efficacy * Political events * Opposition [Canetti, 1981] [ Bandura, 1977] [Sullivan, 1977 0 Knowledge visibility * Time stress [Berk, 1974] [ reactions/motives " Making a statement [Berk, 1974] [Fogelson, 1971] 0 Age [Russell, 1998] " Proximity to speaker & Physically Aggressive [Meyer, 1978] [Russell, 1998] • Racial event [Weller, 1985] [Russell, 1995] • Frustration [Berk, 1974] 0 Underemployment [Dollard, 1947] [Russell, 1995] * Potential for reward 0 Commitment to cause [Berk, 1974] [ [Berk, 1974] * Time of day [Stark, 1972] [Stark, 1974] * Homogenity [Feinberg, 1988] [ Derlega, 2002] " Convenience [Aveni, 1977] * Comfort [Aveni, 1977] * Self efficacy [Bandura, 1977] This perspective is more of a process than an entity and provides a useful taxonomy for summarizing the literature. A sampling of relevant psychological variables that have been examined in the crowd context can be related to each of these phases.…”

Are “We” More Punitive than “Me”? Self-Construal Styles, Justice-Related Attitudes, and Punitive Judgments

“…However, an interdependent self-construal (particularly the aspect of relatedness) has been found to be connected to participants' willingness to adopt more constructive conflict resolution strategies (such as compromises and integration attempts; Derlega, Cukur, Kuang, & Forsyth, 2002;Oetzel, 1998). Furthermore, Karremans, Van Lange, and Holland (2005) found that self-reported relatedness to other people was associated with a higher willingness to forgive.…”

A Theoretical Exploration of Manager and Employee Social Identity, Cultural Values and Identity Conflict Management

“…Derlega et al, 2002;Holt and Devore, 2005;Kozan, 1997;Ting-Toomey et al, 1991). For example, Kozan and Ergin (1999) use Schwartz's individual-level values survey to demonstrate that employees of 40 Turkish organizations who valued tradition, security, and conformity were more likely to embrace an avoiding style of conflict management.…”