Interdependence of episodic and semantic memory: Evidence from neuropsychology

Greenberg, Daniel; Verfaellie, Mieke

doi:10.1017/s1355617710000676

Cited by 241 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In other words, via generalization, semantic memory derives from episodic memory. If episodic memory is disrupted, new facts and concepts can hardly be incorporated into semantic memory, although it is not entirely impossible [42]. One might argue that without experiential and emotional imagistic religious experiences, dogmatic concepts will be empty, cold, personally meaningless, and forgettable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Faith Unchanged: Spirituality, But Not Christian Beliefs and Attitudes, Is Altered in Newly Diagnosed Parkinson’s Disease

Kéri

Kelemen

2016

Religions

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Abstract:In this study, we aimed at investigating the validity and characteristics of the concept of hyporeligiosity in Parkinson's disease. Twenty-eight newly diagnosed, never-medicated patients with Parkinson's disease and 30 matched healthy control individuals received the Brief Multidimensional Measure of Religiousness/Spirituality (BMMRS), the Stolz's index of Christian religiosity, and the Francis Scale of Attitude to Christianity (FSAC). All participants identified themselves as Roman Catholic or Protestant. Parkinson's patients displayed decreased positive and negative spirituality on the BMMRS, whereas beliefs and attitudes related to their Christian religion were unchanged. The severity of the disease was associated with reduced spirituality, but not with Christian faith. These results suggest a dissociation between general spirituality and traditional religious faith in Parkinson's disease, which is consistent with the findings from patients with schizophrenia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Faith Unchanged: Spirituality, But Not Christian Beliefs and Attitudes, Is Altered in Newly Diagnosed Parkinson’s Disease

Kéri

Kelemen

2016

Religions

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“…Mounting evidence now points to the fundamental contribution of semantic memory for a range of constructive endeavours including remembering the past (Greenberg and Verfaellie, 2010) and imagining the future (Duval et al, 2012;Irish et al, 2012a). In the context of atemporal scene construction, it has been suggested that intact semantic memory may facilitate the construction of scenes in patients with developmental amnesia (Hurley et al, 2011) and paediatric patients with hippocampal damage (Cooper et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scene construction impairments in Alzheimer's disease – A unique role for the posterior cingulate cortex

Irish

Halena

Kamminga

et al. 2015

Cortex

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Episodic memory dysfunction represents one of the most prominent and characteristic clinical features of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), attributable to the degeneration of medial temporal and posterior parietal regions of the brain. Recent studies have demonstrated marked impairments in the ability to envisage personally relevant events in the future in AD.It remains unclear, however, whether AD patients can imagine fictitious scenes free from temporal constraints, a process that is proposed to rely fundamentally upon the integrity of the hippocampus. The objective of the present study was to investigate the capacity for atemporal scene construction, and its associated neural substrates, in AD. Fourteen AD patients were tested on the scene construction task and their performance was contrasted with 14 age-and education-matched healthy older Control participants. Scene construction performance was strikingly compromised in the AD group, with significant impairments evident for provision of contextual details, spatial coherence, and the overall richness of the imagined experience. Voxel-based morphometry analyses based on structural MRI revealed significant associations between scene construction capacity and atrophy in posterior parietal and lateral temporal brain structures in AD. In contrast, scene construction performance in Controls was related to integrity of frontal, parietal, and medial temporal structures, including the parahippocampal gyrus and posterior hippocampus. The posterior cingulate cortex emerged as the common region implicated for scene construction performance across participant groups. Our study highlights the importance of regions specialised for spatial and contextual processing for the construction of atemporal scenes. Damage to these regions in AD compromises the ability to construct novel scenes, leading to the recapitulation of content from previously experienced events.4

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“…3). Although the definitions of semantic and episodic memory in this manuscript conform to the traditional distinction of semantic and episodic memory types, the interdependency between these memory types has been widely acknowledged (18,24,(37)(38)(39). Thus, task-specific activity/connectivity patterns are interpreted below through emphasis of the type of information being retrieved in each memory task (19,40) rather than a semantic-episodic dichotomy.…”

Section: Contributions Of Dmn Subcomponents To Specific Aspects Of Mementioning

confidence: 99%

Portraying the unique contribution of the default mode network to internally driven mnemonic processes

Shapira‐Lichter

Oren

Jacob

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Numerous neuroimaging studies have implicated default mode network (DMN) involvement in both internally driven processes and memory. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether memory operations reflect a particular case of internally driven processing or alternatively involve the DMN in a distinct manner, possibly depending on memory type. This question is critical for refining neurocognitive memory theorem in the context of other endogenic processes and elucidating the functional significance of this key network. We used functional MRI to examine DMN activity and connectivity patterns while participants overtly generated words according to nonmnemonic (phonemic) or mnemonic (semantic or episodic) cues. Overall, mnemonic word fluency was found to elicit greater DMN activity and stronger within-network functional connectivity compared with nonmnemonic fluency. Furthermore, two levels of functional organization of memory retrieval were shown. First, across both mnemonic tasks, activity was greater mainly in the posterior cingulate cortex, implying selective contribution to generic aspects of memory beyond its general involvement in endogenous processes. Second, parts of the DMN showed distinct selectivity for each of the mnemonic conditions; greater recruitment of the anterior prefrontal cortex, retroesplenial cortex, and hippocampi and elevated connectivity between anterior and posterior medial DMN nodes characterized the semantic condition, whereas increased recruitment of posterior DMN components and elevated connectivity between them characterized the episodic condition. This finding emphasizes the involvement of DMN elements in discrete aspects of memory retrieval. Altogether, our results show a specific contribution of the DMN to memory processes, corresponding to the specific type of memory retrieval.free recall | memory search | word fluency T he default mode network (DMN) is known to play a central role in internally based processes, including self-referential operations (1-4), internal mentation (5), and unconstrained thinking (6, 7). Additionally, during the past decades, the DMN has consistently been implicated in both semantic (8, 9) and episodic (10-13) memory processes. However, despite the fact that internal operations are inherent to many, if not all, mnemonic tasks, the unique contributions of the DMN to memory operations beyond its more general role in nonmnemonic internally based processes have not been sufficiently addressed thus far.One example of an internally based mnemonic process is mental search, which plays a central role in memory retrieval (14). Although a significant contribution of the DMN to memory search has been shown (12, 15), it is yet unclear whether this contribution merely reflects the DMN's involvement in nonspecific internal direction of attention or rather, a specific role for the DMN in mnemonic search processes. Direct comparison of DMN recruitment during memory search with its recruitment during nonmnemonic internal search operations may shed light on this matter. This questi...

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Interdependence of episodic and semantic memory: Evidence from neuropsychology

Cited by 241 publications

References 52 publications

Faith Unchanged: Spirituality, But Not Christian Beliefs and Attitudes, Is Altered in Newly Diagnosed Parkinson’s Disease

Faith Unchanged: Spirituality, But Not Christian Beliefs and Attitudes, Is Altered in Newly Diagnosed Parkinson’s Disease

Scene construction impairments in Alzheimer's disease – A unique role for the posterior cingulate cortex

Portraying the unique contribution of the default mode network to internally driven mnemonic processes

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