Intercropping for the management of pests and diseases

Trenbath, B. R.

doi:10.1016/0378-4290(93)90123-5

Cited by 255 publications

(181 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…shading or extraction of a resource which becomes limiting; (ii) complementarity when the intercropped species are not in competition for the same resources in time or space or for a chemical form of a nutrient allowing a more efficient use of environmental resources by the association compared with sole crops (Willey 1979a(Willey , 1979b and then leading to an overall advantage of intercrops such as grain yield, dry weight or grain quality notably when interspecific competitions are less strong than intraspecific competitions and (iii) facilitation when the modification of the environment is beneficial for one component species at least, e.g. allelopathy or the barrier effect against disease spread conferring an advantage to intercrops (Vandermeer 1989;Hauggaard-Nielsen and Jensen 2005), for example, by reducing disease attack (Trenbath 1993), weed competition (Hauggaard-Nielsen et al 2001b) or by increasing N transfer and phosphorus availability to cereals (Hinsinger 2001). Fig.…”

Section: Partial Conclusion From "Section 2"mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cereal/legume intercropping is regarded as highly relevant in low-N-input systems and organic farming where nitrogen is often a limiting resource for crop growth (Willey 1979a;Ofori and Stern 1987;Vandermeer 1989;Willey 1990;Fukai and Trenbath 1993;HauggaardNielsen et al 2003;David et al 2005;Desclaux et al 2008;Bedoussac andJustes 2010a, 2010b;Naudin et al 2010). Intercropping has also been shown to: (i) improve soil conservation (Anil et al 1998), (ii) favour weed control (Banik et al 2006;Corre-Hellou et al 2011), (iii) reduce pests and diseases (Trenbath 1993;Altieri 1999;Hauggaard-Nielsen et al 2007;Corre-Hellou and Crozat 2005;Ratnadass et al 2012) and (iv) provide better lodging resistance (Anil et al 1998). Hauggaard-Nielsen et al (2007);(2001a, 2001b; Knudsen et al (2004) and Naudin et al (2009) HW durum wheat, SW soft wheat, B barley, F faba bean, P pea, NO no N-fertilization N organic N-fertilization Willey and Osiru (1972):…”

Section: Advantages Expected By Cereal/legume Intercroppingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intercrops can potentially reduce weeds, diseases and pests (Trenbath 1993;Altieri 1999) often regarded as determinant factors influencing crop production (Liebman 1988;White and Scott 1991;Liebman and Dyck 1993;Midmore 1993;Bulson et al 1997;Liebman and Davis 2000;HauggaardNielsen et al 2001b). In particular, grain legumes, such as peas (P. sativum L.), are known to be weak competitors against weeds when grown as the sole crop (Wall et al 1991;Townley-Smith and Wright 1994;Mcdonald 2003), and weed infestations have been shown to severely limit the N nutrition and grain yield of organically grown grain legumes (Corre-Hellou and Crozat 2005).…”

Section: Intercropping Reduce Weeds Compared To the Sole Cropped Legumesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecological principles underlying the increase of productivity achieved by cereal-grain legume intercrops in organic farming. A review

Bedoussac¹,

Journet

Hauggaard-Nielsen

et al. 2015

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

516

460

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World population is projected to reach over nine billion by the year 2050, and ensuring food security while mitigating environmental impacts represents a major agricultural challenge. Thus, higher productivity must be reached through sustainable production by taking into account climate change, resources rarefaction like phosphorus and water, and losses of fertile lands. Enhancing crop diversity is increasingly recognized as a crucial lever for sustainable agro-ecological development. Growing legumes, a major biological nitrogen source, is also a powerful option to reduce synthetic nitrogen fertilizers use and associated fossil energy consumption. Organic farming, which does not allow the use of chemical, is also regarded as one prototype to enhance the sustainability of modern agriculture while decreasing environmental impacts. Here, we review the potential advantages of eco-functional intensification in organic farming by intercropping cereal and grain legume species sown and harvested together. Our review is based on a literature analysis reinforced with integration of an original dataset of 58 field experiments conducted since 2001 in contrasted pedo-climatic European conditions in order to generalize the findings and draw up common guidelines. The major points are that intercropping lead to: (i) higher and more stable grain yield than the mean sole crops (0.33 versus 0.27 kg m −2 ), (ii) higher cereal protein concentration than in sole crop (11.1 versus 9.8 %), (iii) higher and more stable gross margin than the mean sole crops (702 versus 577€ha −1 ) and (iv) improved use of abiotic resources according to species complementarities for light interception and use of both soil mineral nitrogen and atmospheric N 2 . Intercropping is particularly suited for low-nitrogen availability systems but further mechanistic understanding is required to propose generic crop management procedures. Also, development of this practice must be achieved with the collaboration of value chain actors such as breeders to select cultivars suited to intercropping.

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Section: Partial Conclusion From "Section 2"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Advantages Expected By Cereal/legume Intercroppingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Intercropping Reduce Weeds Compared To the Sole Cropped Legumesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecological principles underlying the increase of productivity achieved by cereal-grain legume intercrops in organic farming. A review

Bedoussac¹,

Journet

Hauggaard-Nielsen

et al. 2015

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

516

460

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“…habitat fragmentation. Resource dilution of a host plant in the plant mixture potentially makes the pest less efficient in locating and colonizing its host (Trenbath 1993;Ratnadass et al 2012). Resource dilution has been shown to be an appropriate means of managing many pests, such as aphids (A'Brook 1968;Smith 1976) and other phytophageous insects (Altieri 1999).…”

Section: Multiple Cropping Systems To Reduce the Use Of Pesticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple cropping systems as drivers for providing multiple ecosystem services: from concepts to design

Gaba

Lescourret

Boudsocq

et al. 2014

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

263

190

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Provisioning services, such as the production of food, feed, and fiber, have always been the main focus of agriculture. Since the 1950s, intensive cropping systems based on the cultivation of a single crop or a single cultivar, in simplified rotations or monocultures, and relying on extensive use of agrochemical inputs have been preferred to more diverse, self-sustaining cropping systems, regardless of the environmental consequences. However, there is increasing evidence that such intensive agroecosystems have led to a decline in biodiversity as well as threatening the environment and have damaged a number of ecosystem services such as the biogeochemical nutrient cycles and the regulation of climate and water quality. Consequently, the current challenge facing agriculture is to ensure the future of food production while reducing the use of inputs and limiting environmental impacts and the loss of biodiversity. Here, we review examples of multiple cropping systems that aim to use biotic interactions to reduce chemical inputs and provide more ecosystem services than just provisioning. Our main findings are the identification of underlying ecological processes and management strategies related to the provision of pairs of ecosystem services namely food production and a regulation service. We also found gaps between ecological knowledge and the constraints of agricultural practices in taking account of the interactions and possible trade-offs between multiple ecosystem services as well as socioeconomic constraints. We present guidelines for the design of multiple cropping systems combining ecological, agricultural, and genetic concepts and approaches.

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“…Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is commonly cultivated as a crop and vegetable in Northeastern Brazil and often cultivated in intercropping in Africa (Fery, 2002). Therefore, the potentialities of intercropping and green manuring together should include benefits from both practices, such as, improve the use of resources (water, land and nutrients); increase soil fertility; transfer of nutrients; soil protection; weed and pest control; biodiversity enhancement, and others (Costa et al, 1992;Liebman & Dyck, 1993;Trenbath, 1993;Mitchell et al, 2002;Oliveira et al, 2005;Salgado et al, 2006). Some authors have been reporting the success of intercropping lettuce with other vegetables, such as carrot and peruvian carrot (Negreiros et al, 2002;Vieira et al, 2003).…”

Section: Resumo Desempenho De Alface Em Cultivo Solteiro E Consorciadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of lettuce in sole cropping and intercropping with green manures

Negrini

Melo

Ambrosano³

et al. 2010

Hortic. Bras.

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The performance of lettuce in sole and intercropped with green manures was assessed under different establishment times. The lettuce fresh and dry weight, number of leaves per plant, diameter and length of head, and fresh and dry weight of green manure were evaluated. The intercropping design was additive and both cash and cover crops were planted in rows. The experimental design was of randomized complete blocks in split plot scheme, with six replicates. The plots represented the green manure sowing days (0, 20, 40 and 60 before transplanting of lettuce), and the sub-plots were assigned by cropping systems (lettuce in sole crop and intercropped with black oat, cowpea or white lupin). Simultaneous planting in the intercropping did not affect the lettuce performance. However, when the green manures were sown before lettuce, they influenced it in a negative way. Among the green manures, cowpea increased biomass and had a higher negative effect on lettuce performance compared to white lupin, which appeared to produce less competition. The sole crop and the intercropping with simultaneous planting of the green manures resulted in a better lettuce performance.

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Intercropping for the management of pests and diseases

Cited by 255 publications

References 44 publications

Ecological principles underlying the increase of productivity achieved by cereal-grain legume intercrops in organic farming. A review

Ecological principles underlying the increase of productivity achieved by cereal-grain legume intercrops in organic farming. A review

Multiple cropping systems as drivers for providing multiple ecosystem services: from concepts to design

Performance of lettuce in sole cropping and intercropping with green manures

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