Intercontinental Population Structure of the Chestnut Blight Fungus, Cryphonectria parasitica

Milgroom, Michael G.; Wang, Kerong; Zhang, Yang; Lipari, Susanne E.; Kaneko, Shigeru

doi:10.2307/3760921

Cited by 116 publications

(82 citation statements)

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“…More recently, surveys revealed that P. ramorum was introduced into Pacific northwest nurseries and into at least eight European countries by movement of stock plants (Brasier et al 2004). Also, the introduction of the causal agent of chestnut blight disease (C. parasitica) by the importation of infected Asian chestnut trees to the USA east coast in the early twentieth century almost led to the extinction of American chestnuts (C. dentata; Milgroom et al 1996). Indeed, this later epidemic has been considered as one of the greatest ecological disasters in US history (Wheeler and Sederoff 2009) and one of the most devastating plant disease epidemics caused by fungi or fungal-like oomycetes (Fisher et al 2012).…”

Section: Disturbance and Protection Of Fagaceae Forests From Biotic Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycorrhization of Fagaceae Forests Within Mediterranean Ecosystems

Reis

Tavares

Baptista

et al. 2017

Mycorrhiza - Function, Diversity, State of the Art

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Mediterranean Fagaceae forests are valuable due to their ecological and socioeconomic aspects. Some profitable plant species, such as Castanea (timber and chestnut), Quercus (timber and cork), and Fagus (timber), encounter in this habitat the excellent edaphoclimatic conditions to develop. All Fagaceae plants are commonly associated to ECM fungal species, which are found in these forests in quite stable communities, mainly enriched in Russulaceae and Telephoraceae species. Currently, the Mediterranean Basin is considered as one of the global biodiversity hotspots, since many of their endemic plant species are not found elsewhere and are now under threat. Due to climate changing and introduction of disease agents, Fagaceae forests are facing an adaptation challenge to both biotic and abiotic threats. Although ECM communities are highly disturbed by climate factors and tree disease incidence, they could play an important role in increasing water availability to the plant and also improving plant tree defense against pathogens. Recent advances, namely, on genomics and transcriptomics, are providing tools for increasing the understanding of Fagaceae mycorrhization process and stress responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Such studies can provide new information for the implementation of the most adequate management policies for protecting threaten Mediterranean forests.

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Section: Disturbance and Protection Of Fagaceae Forests From Biotic Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycorrhization of Fagaceae Forests Within Mediterranean Ecosystems

Reis

Tavares

Baptista

et al. 2017

Mycorrhiza - Function, Diversity, State of the Art

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“…potato late blight in the cultivated potato) and in wild plant species (e.g. the near extinction of American chestnut trees by chestnut blight) [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging pathogens: the epidemiology and evolution of species jumps

Woolhouse

Haydon

Antia

2005

Trends in Ecology & Evolution

615

546

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Novel pathogens continue to emerge in human, domestic animal, wildlife and plant populations, yet the population dynamics of this kind of biological invasion remain poorly understood. Here, we consider the epidemiological and evolutionary processes underlying the initial introduction and subsequent spread of a pathogen in a new host population, with special reference to pathogens that originate by jumping from one host species to another. We conclude that, although pathogen emergence is inherently unpredictable, emerging pathogens tend to share some common traits, and that directly transmitted RNA viruses might be the pathogens that are most likely to jump between host species.

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“…parasitica population structure has been assessed using several molecular markers, including restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) (21,22), sequence-characterized amplified regions (SCARs) (23,24), microsatellites (simple sequence repeats, or SSRs) (4,25,26), and partial (4-locus) vic genotypes (27). Molecular tools for rapid and precise determination of vic genotypic diversity would be useful not only for population structure analysis but also for predicting and evaluating the impact of hypovirus release on blight control (18).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilocus PCR Assays Elucidate Vegetative Incompatibility Gene Profiles of Cryphonectria parasitica in the United States

Short

Double

Nuss

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Chestnut blight is a devastating disease of Castanea spp. Mycoviruses that reduce virulence (hypovirulence) of the causative agent, Cryphonectria parasitica, can be used to manage chestnut blight. However, vegetative incompatibility (vic) barriers that restrict anastomosis-mediated virus transmission hamper hypovirulence efficacy. In order to effectively determine the vegetative incompatibility genetic structure of C. parasitica field populations, we have designed PCR primer sets that selectively amplify and distinguish alleles for each of the six known diallelic C. parasitica vic genetic loci. PCR assay results were validated using a panel of 64 European tester strains with genetically determined vic genotypes. Analysis of 116 C. parasitica isolates collected from five locations in the eastern United States revealed 39 unique vic genotypes and generally good agreement between PCR and tester strain coculturing assays in terms of vic diversity and genotyping. However, incongruences were observed for isolates from multiple locations and suggested that the coculturing assay can overestimate diversity at the six known vic loci. The availability of molecular tools for rapid and precise vic genotyping significantly improves the ability to predict and evaluate the efficacy of hypovirulence and related management strategies.

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Intercontinental Population Structure of the Chestnut Blight Fungus, Cryphonectria parasitica

Cited by 116 publications

References 0 publications

Mycorrhization of Fagaceae Forests Within Mediterranean Ecosystems

Mycorrhization of Fagaceae Forests Within Mediterranean Ecosystems

Emerging pathogens: the epidemiology and evolution of species jumps

Multilocus PCR Assays Elucidate Vegetative Incompatibility Gene Profiles of Cryphonectria parasitica in the United States

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