Intercomparison of the climatological variations of Asian summer monsoon precipitation simulated by 10 GCMs

Kang, In‐Sik; Jin, Emilia Kyung; Wang, B.; Lau, K.-M.; Shukla, J.; Krishnamurthy, V.; Schubert, Siegfried D.; Wailser, D. E.; Stern, William F.; Kitoh, Akio; Meehl, Gerald A.; Kanamitsu, Masao; Galin, V. Ya.; Satyan, V.; Park, C.-K.; Liu, Y.

doi:10.1007/s00382-002-0245-9

Cited by 357 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This is especially true for the CAM3. The results from the CAM3 and AM2.1 are consistent with Kang et al (2002), who analyzed simulations from 10 AGCMs and found that none of the models reproduce the observed Mei-yu rain band in the region from the East China Sea to the central Pacific.…”

Section: Easm's Response To All Forcingssupporting

confidence: 76%

Responses of East Asian summer monsoon to historical SST and atmospheric forcing during 1950–2000

et al. 2008

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The East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) circulation and summer rainfall over East China have experienced large decadal changes during the latter half of the 20th century. To investigate the potential causes behind these changes, a series of simulations using the national center for atmospheric research (NCAR) community atmospheric model version 3 (CAM3) and the geophysical fluid dynamics laboratory (GFDL) atmospheric model version 2.1 (AM2.1) are analyzed. These simulations are forced separately with different historical forcing, namely tropical sea surface temperature (SSTs), global SSTs, greenhouse gases plus aerosols, and a combination of global SSTs and greenhouse gases plus aerosols. This study focuses on the relative roles of these individual forcings in causing the observed monsoon and rainfall changes over East Asia during 1950-2000. The simulations from both models show that the SST forcing, primarily from the Tropics, is able to induce most of the observed weakening of the EASM circulation, while the greenhouse gas plus (direct) aerosol forcing increases the land-sea thermal contrast and thus enhances the EASM circulation. The results suggest that the recent warming in the Tropics, especially the warming associated with the tropical interdecadal variability centered over the central and eastern Pacific, is a primary cause for the weakening of the EASM since the late 1970s. However, a realistic simulation of the relatively small-scale rainfall change pattern over East China remains a challenge for the global models.

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Section: Easm's Response To All Forcingssupporting

confidence: 76%

Responses of East Asian summer monsoon to historical SST and atmospheric forcing during 1950–2000

et al. 2008

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“…Due to its large impact on Indian economy, the ISM has been an important topic of research for more than a century now. Numerous studies have been conducted to understand the mechanism and physical processes (i.e., large scale circulation processes) of the ISM (Shukla and Paolino, 1983;Shukla and Fennessy, 1994;Bhaskaran et al, 1996;Goswami et al, 1998;Webster et al, 1998;Lal et al, 2000;Zhou and Li, 2002;Mohanty et al, 2002Mohanty et al, , 2005Kang et al, 2002;Rao et al, 2004;Singh et al, 2007;Raju et al, 2010;Zhou, 2013, 2014;Zhu, 2015;Almazroui et al, 2016). However, convection plays an important role in the development and maintenance of the ISM through the release of latent heat and vertical transport of heat, moisture and momentum (Ghosh et al, 1978;Kain, 1993;Zhu, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of cumulus parameterization schemes in the simulation of Indian Summer Monsoon using RegCM4

Maity¹,

Mandal²,

Nayak³

et al. 2017

Atm

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El monzón de verano de la India (MVI) se origina a partir de una convección de gran escala, por lo que su simulación debe basarse en la representación adecuada de la convección de cumulus en el modelo. En este estudio se analiza el desempeño de diversos esquemas de parametrización en simulaciones del MVI. El modelo climático regional RegCM4 se acopla con el modelo de suelo CLM 3.5 con una resolución de 30 km para simular el MVI en el periodo comprendido entre el 1 de mayo y el 30 de septiembre en tres años consecutivos: 2007, 2008 y 2009. Se llevaron a cabo cinco experimentos numéricos con cinco esquemas de convección (Kuo, Grell, MIT, GO_ML [MIT sobre tierra y Grell sobre el océano] y GL_MO [Grell sobre tierra y MIT sobre el océano]) para cada uno de los años mencionados. Algunas características importantes del MVI simulado con el modelo, a saber la corriente en chorro del oeste de niveles bajos, la corriente en chorro del este de niveles altos, los sistemas de baja presión superficial y los de alta presión sobre la meseta tibetana, etc., se analizan y comparan con datos de reanálisis del National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). Se encontró que el modelo con el esquema de convección MIT simula mejor los sistemas de baja presión superficial asociados con alta temperatura en el noroeste de la India y Paquistán durante los tres años, en tanto que el esquema GL_MO simula mejor la distribución espacial y exactitud de la temperatura. El modelo con el esquema de convección MIT reproduce adecuadamente la corriente en chorro del oeste de niveles bajos con fuerza algo menor que el reanálisis del NCEP. Todos los esquemas simularon aceptablemente la ubicación y fuerza de la corriente en chorro tropical del este, con cierta incertidumbre en cuanto a la fuerza, y mayor exactitud con el esquema MIT. La comparación entre la precipitación simulada y las bases de datos de la Unidad de Investigación del Clima con resolución de 0.5º (CRU TS3.22) indica que la precipitación media estacional y mensual se simula mejor con los esquemas de convección MIT y GO_ML. Sin embargo, todos los esquemas de convección del modelo subestiman de manera significativa estas mismas variables sobre el centro y el oeste de la India. Un flujo mayor de calor sensible y un flujo menor de calor latente afectan de manera significativa la simulación de temperatura superficial y precipitación con todos los esquemas. El análisis estadístico indica que los esquemas GL_MO y GO_ML del modelo reproducen de manera adecuada la temperatura superficial y la cantidad de precipitación, pero el esquema MIT simula mejor la circulación. Aunque este último implica una desviación ligeramente mayor a la de los dos esquemas combinados, se observó que la distribución espacial y otras características sinópticas de la temperatura superficial y la precipitación durante el MVI fueron bien simuladas por el esquema MIT. En conclusión, tomando en cuenta el desempeño de todos los esquemas, el modelo RegCM4 con el esquema MIT de convección de cumulus ofrece una mejor simulaci...

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“…Kang et al (2002) reported that recent atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs) still have difficulties in simulating precipitation amounts over the Western Pacific, based on an intercomparison of 10 AGCMs using AMIP-type experiments. A possible solution to this problem is to use a much higher resolution to simulate smaller-scale processes, as shown by the use of a non-hydrostatic AGCM with 7-km grid (Satoh et al 2008) and by an operational forecast model with 10-km grid (ECMWF 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Simulations Using MRI-AGCM3.2 with 20-km Grid

Mizuta¹,

Yoshimura²,

Murakami

et al. 2012

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

446

256

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A new version of the atmospheric general circulation model of the Meteorological Research Institute (MRI), with a horizontal grid size of about 20 km, has been developed. The previous version of the 20-km model, MRI-AGCM3.1, which was developed from an operational numerical weather-prediction model, provided information on possible climate change induced by global warming, including future changes in tropical cyclones, the East Asian monsoon, extreme events, and blockings. For the new version, MRI-AGCM3.2, we have introduced various new parameterization schemes that improve the model climate. Using the new model, we performed a present-day climate experiment using observed sea surface temperature. The model shows improvements in simulating heavy monthly-mean precipitation around the tropical Western Pacific, the global distribution of tropical cyclones, the seasonal march of East Asian summer monsoon, and blockings in the Pacific. Improvements in the model climatologies were confirmed numerically using skill scores (e.g., Taylor's skill score).

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Intercomparison of the climatological variations of Asian summer monsoon precipitation simulated by 10 GCMs

Cited by 357 publications

References 37 publications

Responses of East Asian summer monsoon to historical SST and atmospheric forcing during 1950–2000

Responses of East Asian summer monsoon to historical SST and atmospheric forcing during 1950–2000

Performance of cumulus parameterization schemes in the simulation of Indian Summer Monsoon using RegCM4

Climate Simulations Using MRI-AGCM3.2 with 20-km Grid

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