2014
DOI: 10.1002/2013ms000282
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Intercomparison of large‐eddy simulations of Arctic mixed‐phase clouds: Importance of ice size distribution assumptions

Abstract: Large-eddy simulations of mixed-phase Arctic clouds by 11 different models are analyzed with the goal of improving understanding and model representation of processes controlling the evolution of these clouds. In a case based on observations from the Indirect and Semi-Direct Aerosol Campaign (ISDAC), it is found that ice number concentration, N i , exerts significant influence on the cloud structure. Increasing N i leads to a substantial reduction in liquid water path (LWP), in agreement with earlier studies. … Show more

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Cited by 142 publications
(247 citation statements)
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“…A TKE (turbulent kinetic energy)-based surface transfer scheme describes the transport through the surface layer (Schättler et al, 2015). Some basic aspects of our simulations follow the model setup of Ovchinnikov et al (2014), such as fixed number concentrations of both CDNC and ice crystal concentration, large-scale subsidence, and a 2 h spin-up period before ice crystal formation. The advantage of this simplified approach, having fixed number concentrations of CDNC, is that the microphysical processes are constrained and can be easily varied in sensitivity experiments.…”
Section: Model Description and Setupmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A TKE (turbulent kinetic energy)-based surface transfer scheme describes the transport through the surface layer (Schättler et al, 2015). Some basic aspects of our simulations follow the model setup of Ovchinnikov et al (2014), such as fixed number concentrations of both CDNC and ice crystal concentration, large-scale subsidence, and a 2 h spin-up period before ice crystal formation. The advantage of this simplified approach, having fixed number concentrations of CDNC, is that the microphysical processes are constrained and can be easily varied in sensitivity experiments.…”
Section: Model Description and Setupmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Our default model resolution (Dx, Dz) 5 (100, 50) m has allowed us to run a large number of simulations across different microphysics schemes and temperatures but may be insufficient to fully resolve the liquid layer at the top of Arctic mixed-phase clouds (e.g., Ovchinnikov et al 2014) and the sharpness of inversions that form near stratus cloud tops (e.g., Blossey et al 2013). Sensitivity tests with varied resolution using the Lin-Purdue scheme at T 2 (0) of 08 and 208C show that altering the horizontal resolution by a factor of 2 typically leads to a change of a few watts per square meter in surface cloud forcing and ;18C in time-mean surface air temperature and that decreasing the resolution for a cold initial state can completely suppress the low-level turbulence (Table 2).…”
Section: Treatment Of the Surface And Other Limitationsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, large-scale models typically do not resolve this vertical structure. Much higher-resolution large-eddy simulations (LES) have successfully been employed to study Arctic mixed-phase clouds, but show considerable intermodel spread with a strong sensitivity of model results to both ice number concentration and particle-size distribution [Ovchinnikov et al, 2014]. The important role of cloud microphysics for the maintenance of Arctic mixedphase stratocumulus clouds was also emphasized by Fridlind et al [2012], who showed that consumption of ice nuclei by cloud processes can limit ice formation.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%