Intercomparison and evaluation of aerosol microphysical properties among AeroCom global models of a range of complexity

Mann, Graham; Carslaw, K. S.; Reddington, Carly L.; Pringle, K. J.; Schulz, Mıchael; Asmi, Ari; Spracklen, Dominick V.; Ridley, D. A.; Woodhouse, M. T.; Lee, L. A.; Zhang, Kai; Ghan, S. J.; Easter, Richard C.; Liu, X.; Stier, Philip; Lee, Y. H.; Adams, P. J.; Tost, H.; Lelieveld, J.; Bauer, Susanne E.; Tsigaridis, Kostas; Noije, Twan van; Strunk, A.; Vignati, E.; Bellouin, Nicolas; Dalvi, Mohit; Johnson, C. E.; Bergman, Tommi; Kokkola, Harri; Salzen, Knut von; Yu, Fangqun; Luo, Gan; Petzold, A.; Heintzenberg, Jost; Clarke, A. D.; Ogren, J. A.; Gras, J. L.; Baltensperger, Urs; Kaminski, U.; Jennings, S. G.; O’Dowd, Colin; Harrison, Roy M.; Beddows, D. C. S.; Kulmala, Markku; Viisanen, Y.; Ulevičius, Vidmantas; Mihalopoulos, Nikos; Ždı́mal, Vladimı́r; Fiebig, Markus; Hansson, H.‐C.; Swietlicki, Erik; Hentig, J. S.

doi:10.5194/acpd-13-30841-2013

Cited by 40 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 160 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…Evaluating models’ representation of aerosol properties: Recent work 4,81 has shown how important in-situ aerosol measurements are to help constrain the uncertainty in aerosol-cloud processes related to radiative forcing. The dataset will allow the modelling community to test their results against particle number size distributions, CCN number concentration and chemical composition.…”

Section: Usage Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collocated observations of cloud condensation nuclei, particle size distributions, and chemical composition

et al. 2017

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Cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) number concentrations alongside with submicrometer particle number size distributions and particle chemical composition have been measured at atmospheric observatories of the Aerosols, Clouds, and Trace gases Research InfraStructure (ACTRIS) as well as other international sites over multiple years. Here, harmonized data records from 11 observatories are summarized, spanning 98,677 instrument hours for CCN data, 157,880 for particle number size distributions, and 70,817 for chemical composition data. The observatories represent nine different environments, e.g., Arctic, Atlantic, Pacific and Mediterranean maritime, boreal forest, or high alpine atmospheric conditions. This is a unique collection of aerosol particle properties most relevant for studying aerosol-cloud interactions which constitute the largest uncertainty in anthropogenic radiative forcing of the climate. The dataset is appropriate for comprehensive aerosol characterization (e.g., closure studies of CCN), model-measurement intercomparison and satellite retrieval method evaluation, among others. Data have been acquired and processed following international recommendations for quality assurance and have undergone multiple stages of quality assessment.

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Section: Usage Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collocated observations of cloud condensation nuclei, particle size distributions, and chemical composition

et al. 2017

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“…According to an AeroCom aerosol microphysics intercomparison study (Mann et al, ), simulated CN 30 is very diverse among the participating models, including CAM5 in which aerosol microphysical treatments are very similar to those in EAMv0. Global mean CN 30 in CAM5 is much lower than the multimodel mean, although the concentration of accumulation‐mode particles is very close to the multimodel mean.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is also a notable bias in CAM5‐simulated concentrations of small particles. According to the model intercomparison study by Mann et al (), CAM5 underestimates background small particles (dry diameter <100 nm) that can grow and serve as sources of potential CCN. Such bias likely still exists in EAMv0.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosols in the E3SM Version 1: New Developments and Their Impacts on Radiative Forcing

Wang

Easter

Zhang

et al. 2020

J Adv Model Earth Syst

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The new Energy Exascale Earth System Model Version 1 (E3SMv1) developed for the U.S. Department of Energy has significant new treatments of aerosols and light-absorbing snow impurities as well as their interactions with clouds and radiation. This study describes seven sets of new aerosol-related treatments (involving emissions, new particle formation, aerosol transport, wet scavenging and resuspension, and snow radiative transfer) and examines how they affect global aerosols and radiative forcing in E3SMv1. Altogether, they give a reduced total aerosol radiative forcing (−1.6 W/m 2 ) and sensitivity in cloud liquid water to aerosols, but an increased sensitivity in cloud droplet size to aerosols. A new approach for H 2 SO 4 production and loss largely reduces a low bias in small particles concentrations and leads to substantial increases in cloud condensation nuclei concentrations and cloud radiative cooling. Emitting secondary organic aerosol precursor gases from elevated sources increases the column burden of secondary organic aerosol, contributing substantially to global clear-sky aerosol radiative cooling (−0.15 out of −0.5 W/m 2 ). A new treatment of aerosol resuspension from evaporating precipitation, developed to remedy two shortcomings of the original treatment, produces a modest reduction in aerosols and cloud droplets; its impact depends strongly on the model physics and is much stronger in E3SM Version 0. New treatments of the mixing state and optical properties of snow impurities and snow grains introduce a positive present-day shortwave radiative forcing (0.26 W/m 2 ), but changes in aerosol transport and wet removal processes also affect the concentration and radiative forcing of light-absorbing impurities in snow/ice. Plain Language Summary Aerosol and aerosol-cloud interactions continue to be a major uncertainty in Earth system models, impeding their ability to reproduce the observed historical warming and to project changes in global climate and water cycle. The U.S. DOE Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 1 (E3SMv1), a state-of-the-science Earth system model, was developed to use exascale computing to address the grand challenge of actionable predictions of variability and change in the Earth system critical to the energy sector. It has been publicly released with new treatments in many aspects, including substantial modifications to the physical treatments of aerosols in the atmosphere and light-absorbing impurities in snow/ice, aimed at reducing some known biases or correcting model deficiencies in representing aerosols, their life cycle, and their impacts in various components of the Earth system. Compared to its predecessors (without the new treatments) and observations, E3SMv1 shows improvements in characterizing global distributions of aerosols and their radiative effects. We conduct sensitivity experiments to understand the impact of individual changes and provide guidance for future development of E3SM and other Earth system models. Key Points: • A description and assessment of ne...

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“…While there have been few routine long-term measurements of these quantities worldwide, global climate models are now more frequently being evaluated with whatever in situ aerosol measurements are available. For example, Mann et al (2014) recently evaluated the simulated aerosol size distribution with new observational data and showed that while the climate models qualitatively reproduced the observed mean size distributions, there were relatively large errors in certain regions and seasons and some models performed better than others. Spracklen et al (2011) used a combined dataset of Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS) observations to optimize secondary organic aerosol (SOA) sources in a global aerosol microphysics model e the Global Model of Aerosol Processes (GLOMAP) and verified the optimized SOA predictions against Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environment (IMPROVE) network (Malm et al, 1994) measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Long-term measurements of submicrometer aerosol chemistry at the Southern Great Plains (SGP) using an Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM)

Parworth

Fast

Mei

et al. 2015

Atmospheric Environment

109

138

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h i g h l i g h t sRealtime measurements of non-refractory submicron aerosols were conducted at SGP. Diurnal, weekly, monthly, and seasonal variations of aerosol composition are reported. Two types of oxygenated organic aerosols and biomass burning OA were determined. Enhanced nitrate during winter was due to transport of NO x and NH 3 combined with cooler temperatures. a b s t r a c tIn this study the long-term trends of non-refractory submicrometer aerosol (NR-PM 1 ) composition and mass concentration measured by an Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM) at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program's Southern Great Plains (SGP) site are discussed. NR-PM 1 data was recorded at~30 min intervals over a period of 19 months between November 2010 and June 2012. Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) was performed on the measured organic mass spectral matrix using a rolling window technique to derive factors associated with distinct sources, evolution processes, and physiochemical properties. The rolling window approach also allows us to capture the dynamic variations of the chemical properties in the organic aerosol (OA) factors over time. Three OA factors were obtained including two oxygenated OA (OOA) factors, differing in degrees of oxidation, and a biomass burning OA (BBOA) factor. Back trajectory analyses were performed to investigate possible sources of major NR-PM 1 species at the SGP site. Organics dominated NR-PM 1 mass concentration for the majority of the study with the exception of winter, when ammonium nitrate increases due to transport of precursor species from surrounding urban and agricultural areas and also due to cooler temperatures. Sulfate mass concentrations have little seasonal variation with mixed regional and local sources. In the spring BBOA emissions increase and are mainly associated with local fires. Isoprene and carbon monoxide emission rates were obtained by the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature (MEGAN) and the 2011 U.S. National Emissions Inventory to represent the spatial distribution of biogenic and anthropogenic sources, respectively. The combined spatial distribution of isoprene emissions and air mass trajectories suggest that biogenic emissions from the southeast contribute to SOA formation at the SGP site during the summer.

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Intercomparison and evaluation of aerosol microphysical properties among AeroCom global models of a range of complexity

Cited by 40 publications

References 160 publications

Collocated observations of cloud condensation nuclei, particle size distributions, and chemical composition

Collocated observations of cloud condensation nuclei, particle size distributions, and chemical composition

Aerosols in the E3SM Version 1: New Developments and Their Impacts on Radiative Forcing

Long-term measurements of submicrometer aerosol chemistry at the Southern Great Plains (SGP) using an Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM)

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