Interchangeability of position tracking technologies; can we merge the data?

Taberner, Matt; O'keefe, J.; Flower, D. W.; Phillips, Jack; Close, Graeme L.; Cohen, Daniel D.; Richter, Chris; Carling, Chris

doi:10.1080/24733938.2019.1634279

Cited by 33 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…More importantly, real-time information gathered via digital contact tracing-enabled technologies helps governments to consider post-pandemic easing of regulations as they use the information to make decisions regarding the disease's progression and undertake a cost-benefit analysis of mobility restrictions (Qaffas et al, 2020). The rise of GPS-enabled technologies has assisted the gathering of location data, as it has increased the availability of large amounts of data in real-time (Taberner et al, 2020). GPS-enabled devices provide location data that can be used to speed up interventions related to public health emergencies (Lian et al, 2020).…”

Section: The Use Of Location Data Mining Technology and Public Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges in Contact Tracing by Mining Mobile Phone Location Data for COVID-19: Implications for Public Governance in South Africa

Kariuki

Ofusori

Subramaniam

et al. 2021

IJIKM

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Aim/Purpose: The paper’s objective is to examine the challenges of using the mobile phone to mine location data for effective contact tracing of symptomatic, pre-symptomatic, and asymptomatic individuals and the implications of this technology for public health governance. Background: The COVID-19 crisis has created an unprecedented need for contact tracing across South Africa, requiring thousands of people to be traced and their details captured in government health databases as part of public health efforts aimed at breaking the chains of transmission. Contact tracing for COVID-19 requires the identification of persons who may have been exposed to the virus and following them up daily for 14 days from the last point of exposure. Mining mobile phone location data can play a critical role in locating people from the time they were identified as contacts to the time they access medical assistance. In this case, it aids data flow to various databases designated for COVID-19 work. Methodology: The researchers conducted a review of the available literature on this subject drawing from academic articles published in peer-reviewed journals, research reports, and other relevant national and international government documents reporting on public health and COVID-19. Document analysis was used as the primary research method, drawing on the case studies. Contribution: Contact tracing remains a critical strategy in curbing the deadly COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa and elsewhere in the world. However, given increasing concern regarding its invasive nature and possible infringement of individual liberties, it is imperative to interrogate the challenges related to its implementation to ensure a balance with public governance. The research findings can thus be used to inform policies and practices associated with contact tracing in South Africa. Findings: The study found that contact tracing using mobile phone location data mining can be used to enforce quarantine measures such as lockdowns aimed at mitigating a public health emergency such as COVID-19. However, the use of technology can expose the public to criminal activities by exposing their locations. From a public governance point of view, any exposure of the public to social ills is highly undesirable. Recommendations for Practitioners: In using contact tracing apps to provide pertinent data location caution needs to be exercised to ensure that sensitive private information is not made public to the extent that it compromises citizens’ safety and security. The study recommends the development and implementation of data use protocols to support the use of this technology, in order to mitigate against infringement of individual privacy and other civil liberties. Recommendation for Researchers: Researchers should explore ways of improving digital applications in order to improve the acceptability of the use of contact tracing technology to manage pandemics such as COVID-19, paying attention to ethical considerations. Impact on Society: Since contact tracing has implications for privacy and confidentiality it must be conducted with caution. This research highlights the challenges that the authorities must address to ensure that the right to privacy and confidentiality is upheld. Future Research: Future research could focus on collecting primary data to provide insight on contact tracing through mining mobile phone location data. Research could also be conducted on how app-based technology can enhance the effectiveness of contact tracing in order to optimize testing and tracing coverage. This has the potential to minimize transmission whilst also minimizing tracing delays. Moreover, it is important to develop contact tracing apps that are universally inter-operable and privacy-preserving.

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Section: The Use Of Location Data Mining Technology and Public Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges in Contact Tracing by Mining Mobile Phone Location Data for COVID-19: Implications for Public Governance in South Africa

Kariuki

Ofusori

Subramaniam

et al. 2021

IJIKM

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“…During matches, external WL metrics were evaluated by a video tracking system (STATS, USA). Reliability of this type of apparatuses and its interchangeability with GNSS for measures of positional tracking metrics to monitoring of training and competitions were previously reported [7].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…As reported by Harriss et al [6], studies involving a very specific population (such as in this investigation) can have a very high impact on real-world practice, even with a small sample size. A further limitation that should be considered was the utilization of GNSS and video tracking system for the monitoring of training sessions and matches, respectively [7].…”

Section: Starters Mean ± Sdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Workload Monitoring in Top-level Soccer Players During Congested Fixture Periods

Gualtieri

Rampinini²,

Sassi

et al. 2020

Int J Sports Med

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This study assessed the internal and external workload of starters and non-starters in a professional top-level soccer team during a congested fixture period. Twenty Serie A soccer players were monitored in this study during two mesocycles of 21 days each. Starters and non-starters were divided based on the match time played in each mesocycle. The following metrics were recorded: exposure time, total distance, relative total distance, high-speed running distance over 20 km·h−1, very high-speed running distance over 25 km·h−1, individual very high-speed distance over 80% of maximum peak speed, and rating of perceived exertion. Differences between starters and non-starters were found for: exposure time (effect size=large to very large), rating of perceived exertion (large to very large), total distance (large to very large), and individual very high-speed distance over 80% of maximum peak speed (moderate to large). Furthermore, differences for relative total distance, high-speed running distance over 20 km·h−1 and very high-speed running distance over 25 km·h−1 were small to moderate, but not significant. This study reports that during congested fixture periods, starters had higher exposure time, rating of perceived exertion, total distance, and individual very high-speed distance over 80% of maximum peak speed than non-starters.

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“…Numerous GPS manufacturers have now included the option to import video-based tracking data into their software to allow practitioners to monitor their athletes longitudinally across both training and matches. Taberner et al (2019) recently reported strong agreement (r = 0.96 -0.99) for total, high speed (> 5.5 m/s) and sprint (> 7 m/s) distance between an augmented 10-Hz GPS device and the TRACAB semi-automated camera system (mean bias of 1-4%). However, an earlier model from the GPS manufacturer demonstrated a mean bias of 10% for both high speed and sprint distance despite reported agreement (r = 0.92 -0.99), suggesting that caution must still be applied when importing video data into GPS software as the associated error is devicedependent.…”

Section: Gps Data Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 95%

To infinity and beyond: the use of GPS devices within the football codes

Malone

Barrett

Barnes³

et al. 2019

Science and Medicine in Football

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The quantification of external load through global positioning systems (GPS) is now commonplace across the different football codes. Despite this acceptance amongst sports science practitioners, confusion still remains around which are the most appropriate metrics to use when monitoring their athletes. In addition, the translation of the message between the data gathered and the athletes and coaches can often be lost. The aim of this commentary is to provide discussion and recommendations when using GPS for athlete monitoring.

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Interchangeability of position tracking technologies; can we merge the data?

Cited by 33 publications

References 34 publications

Challenges in Contact Tracing by Mining Mobile Phone Location Data for COVID-19: Implications for Public Governance in South Africa

Challenges in Contact Tracing by Mining Mobile Phone Location Data for COVID-19: Implications for Public Governance in South Africa

Workload Monitoring in Top-level Soccer Players During Congested Fixture Periods

To infinity and beyond: the use of GPS devices within the football codes

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