Interception Probability and Proximity Effects: Implications in Shielding Design Against Lightning

Lightning risk assessment of a 170 kV GIS substation connected to the Hellenic transmission system through underground cables

“…Also, from (3) and (6) it can be deduced that the expected substation outage rates depend on the lightning attachment model adopted for the estimation of SFR X , I MSF and N SX of the incoming overhead transmission lines. This is shown in Table II, where the mean time between failures, MTBF, of the substation is evaluated based on different lightning attachment models [16], [18]- [22] and by employing the lightning crest current distribution suggested in [15]. From Table II it is obvious that the MTBF of the evaluated substation varies significantly among lightning attachment models, attaining values approximately from 150 to 450 years.…”

Lightning attachment models and maximum shielding failure current: Application to transmission lines

“…However, depending on transmission line geometry, the striking distance and interception radius of the shield wire may be affected by the presence of the neighboring phase conductor; this was raised by Peterson and Eriksson [39] in [18] and discussed in detail in [28] and [40]. In fact, the competing upward discharge from a neighboring phase conductor, modifying the extent of development of the connecting upward discharge from the shield wire, may result in a reduction of the striking distance and interception radius of the shield wire.…”

“…E. Tsovilis (e-mail: thtsovil@auth.gr) are with the Department of Electrical Energy, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124 Greece. been introduced [27], [28] by implementing a statistical lightning attachment model derived from scale model experiments [29].…”

Experimental investigation of the external lightning protection of ships through impulse voltage tests on a scaled‐down ship model

“…2.3 Statistical model [29][30][31][32] Lightning interception probability is an additional parameter that should be incorporated in the design of an efficient LPS. Striking distance and interception radius are described in [29][30][31][32] as statistical quantities following a normal distribution with a mean value and a standard deviation. Both quantities (R and S in Fig.…”

“…The expressions (2)- (5) of the rolling sphere model and the elliptical model are formulated for the special case of 50% interception probability, referred to as critical interception. Critical interception radius (R c ) and critical striking distance (S c ) are expressed in (6) and (7) [29][30][31][32]. The corresponding factors of the statistical model are shown in Table 2 S…”