Intercellular signaling in glial cells: Calcium waves and oscillations in response to mechanical stimulation and glutamate

Charles, Andrew; Merrill, Jean E.; Dirksen, Ellen R.; Sandersont, Michael J.

doi:10.1016/0896-6273(91)90238-u

Cited by 671 publications

(457 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Mixed glial cultures from postnatal day 1-5 mouse pups were prepared using methods described previously (Charles et al, 1991). Briefly, the cerebral cortices were dissected, the meninges removed, cells were dissociated by pressing the tissue through Nitex mesh and plated in 75 mm flasks.…”

Section: Cell Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[Ca 2ϩ ] i was measured using a fluorescence imaging system that has previously been described in detail (Charles et al, 1991). In brief, cells on glass coverslips were loaded with fura2 by incubation in 5 M fura2-AM for 30 min.…”

Section: Measurement Of [Ca 2؉ ] Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intercellular Ca 2ϩ waves were initiated by mechanical stimulation of a single cell by brief deformation of the cell membrane with a micropipette as previously described (Charles et al, 1991). In all experiments, fluorescence of the stimulated cell recovered to baseline, indicating no irreversible damage to the stimulated cell.…”

Section: Stimulation and Quantification Of Intercellular Calcium Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Astrocytes are capable of widespread intercellular signaling in the form of waves of increased [Ca 2ϩ ] i that are propagated from a single cell to multiple surrounding cells (Ca 2ϩ waves) (Cornell-Bell et al, 1990;Charles et al, 1991). Astrocyte Ca 2ϩ waves may occur spontaneously or may be evoked by a variety of stimuli including mechanical stimulation, electrical stimulation, or neurotransmitters (Charles, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulation of intercellular calcium signaling in astrocytes by extracellular calcium and magnesium

Stout

Charles

2003

Glia

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The extracellular concentrations of Ca 2ϩ and Mg 2ϩ are well known to play important roles in the function of the central nervous system. We examined the effects of extracellular Ca 2ϩ and Mg 2ϩ on ATP release and intercellular signaling in astrocytes. [Ca 2ϩ ] o -activated whole cell currents consistent with currents through connexin hemichannels. These currents were inhibited by extracellular Mg 2ϩ . We conclude that extracellular divalent cations modulate intercellular Ca 2ϩ signaling in astrocytes by modulating the release of ATP, possibly via connexin hemichannels.

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Section: Cell Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurement Of [Ca 2؉ ] Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stimulation and Quantification Of Intercellular Calcium Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Modulation of intercellular calcium signaling in astrocytes by extracellular calcium and magnesium

Stout

Charles

2003

Glia

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“…Neurons have been shown to signal to adjacent glia [2][3][4]. Waves of calcium can propagate amongst electrically coupled glia [2,[5][6][7][8][9], and glia can signal back to adjacent neurons [10,11]. Stimuli that specifically elevate astrocyte calcium levels cause a subsequent elevation of neuronal calcium [10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

α‐Latrotoxin stimulates glutamate release from cortical astrocytes in cell culture

et al. 1995

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The mechanism responsible for the ability of bradykinin to cause calcium-dependent release of glutamate from astrocytes in vitro was investigated. The glutamate transport inhibitor, dihydrokainate, did not block bradykinin-induced glutamate release, and bradykinin did not cause cell swelling. These data exclude the involvement of glutamate transporters or swelling mechansims as mediating glutamate release in response to bradykinin, a-Latrotoxin (3 nM), a component of black widow spider venom, stimulated calcium-independent glutamate release from astrocytes. Since c~-latrotoxin induces vesicle fusion and calcium-independent neuronal neurotransmitter release, our data suggest that astrocytes may release neurotransmitter using a mechanism similar to the neuronal secretory process.

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Altered gap junctional communication, intercellular signaling, and growth in cultured astrocytes deficient in connexin43

et al. 1997

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Astrocytes are characterized by extensive intercellular communication mediated primarily by gap junction channels composed of connexin43. To examine this junctional protein in astrocytic functions, astrocytes were cultured from embryonic mice with a null mutation in the connexin43 gene (Reaume et al.: Science 267:1831-1834, 1995). Using anti-Cx43 antibodies, immunoblotting and immunostaining indicated that homozygous null astrocytes were devoid of Cx43. They are also deficient in intercellular dye transfer. Astrocytes cultured from heterozygous embryos express significantly lower Cx43 compared to wild type, and their dye coupling is reduced. Markers of glial differentiation, such as glial fibrillary acidic protein and S100, appeared similar in all genotypes. Measurement of intercellular calcium concentration following mechanical stimulation of confluent astrocytes revealed that the number of cells affected by a rise in intracellular calcium was reduced in homozygous cultures compared to wild type. In fact, the calcium response in homozygous astrocytes was similar to that observed in wild-type astrocytes in the presence of a gap junction blocker. The growth rate of astrocytes lacking Cx43 was reduced compared to wild-type astrocytes. These results suggest that gap junctional intercellular communication mediated by Cx43 is not critical for astrocyte differentiation but is likely involved in the regulation of intercellular calcium signaling and cell growth.

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Intercellular signaling in glial cells: Calcium waves and oscillations in response to mechanical stimulation and glutamate

Cited by 671 publications

References 32 publications

Modulation of intercellular calcium signaling in astrocytes by extracellular calcium and magnesium

Modulation of intercellular calcium signaling in astrocytes by extracellular calcium and magnesium

α‐Latrotoxin stimulates glutamate release from cortical astrocytes in cell culture

Altered gap junctional communication, intercellular signaling, and growth in cultured astrocytes deficient in connexin43

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