Intercanine width as a tool in two dimensional reconstruction of face: An aid in forensic dentistry

Abstract

Context:Dental evidence is a valuable tool in identifying individuals, especially when disasters befall. Reference points in faciomaxillary region such as interpupillary distance, intercanthal distance, interalar distance and bizygomatic width can significantly contribute toward reconstruction of two-dimensional (2D) facial profiles. This study was researched upon to determine the relationship between the maxillary intercanine width and the different reference points of the face.Aim:The aim of the following study is to ascertain whether maxillary intercanine width can be used to detect interpupillary distance, intercanthal distance, interalar distance and bizygomatic distance and to evaluate the role of maxillary intercanine width in the 2D reconstruction of the face.Materials and Methods:The study was carried out by consent and involved 90 subjects-45 males and 45 females who satisfied the inclusion criteria. Subjects were divided into three age groups, i.e. 18-24, 25-28, 29-35. Four parameters were measured– intercanine width, interpupillary distance, intercanthal distance and interalar distance. All the measurements were carried out with a digital Vernier caliper. The bizygomatic width was measured from posterior-anterior view. Two empiricists were assigned for the task. Each test was carried out twice to validate the soundness of the findings and to reduce bias.Statistical Analysis:Analysis of variance and Pearson correlation was established. Regression analysis was performed to predict the study variables by intercanine width.Results:Intercanine width showed a significant relationship with different points. The width varied with age and gender.Conclusion:Inter canine width can be used as a valuable parameter in the reconstruction of face in two dimensional as it shows significant relationship with faciomaxillary reference point such as interpupillary distance, intercanthal distance, interalar distance and bizygomatic width.

Determination of Correlation of Width of Maxillary Anterior Teeth using Extraoral and Intraoral Factors in Indian Population: A Systematic Review

“…When the CIW was correlated with ICD, Caucasians showed weaker correlation (r = 0.12) 13 than Serbian adults (r = 0.13). 9 When maxillary anterior teeth width was correlated with ICD, Saudi population showed the highest correlation with ICD (r = 0.932), 24 followed by Indian population (r = 0.757), 7 whereas in another study, Indian population (Thrissur, Kerala) showed the least correlation (r = 0.033), 3 this could be due to people with Indian nationality may be of ethnic differences. Some may be a mixture of Hindu, Muslim, Sikh, or Isai (Christian), which are predominant religious communities in India.…”

“…2 When maxillary anterior teeth width was correlated with BW, Indian males showed the moderate correlation with BW (r = 0.50) followed by Indian females (r = 0.447). 7 One article each studied the PMN, COS, MAL, and width as an anthropometric parameter in determining Graph 5: Measurement of BW in various population groups WJD the width of the maxillary anteriors. When CIW was correlated with MAL in Caucasians, it showed weak to moderate correlation on both right (r = 0.36) and left (r = 0.36) sides of maxillary arch, whereas combined width of maxillary anteriors showed moderate correlation on Caucasians' right side of arch (r = 0.38), and weak correlation on Caucasians' left side of arch (r = 0.36).…”

“…Therefore, correct selection of artificial teeth is essential to achieve a pleasant esthetic outcome. [6][7][8][9][10] The width of the maxillary anteriors is difficult to correlate with the facial measurements than the height of the maxillary anteriors. In addition, the generation approaching 70 years of age recognizes that maintaining their natural dentition improves appearance and smile and serves as a visible sign of successful aging.…”

Correlation of intercanthal and interalar distance to intercanine distance for selection of maxillary ant. teeth

“…Another study ascertained significant relationship of interpupillary distance, intercanthal distance, interalar distance and bizygomatic width and concluded inter canine distance could be used as an important parameter for two dimensional reconstruction of face 11 . .…”

Analysis of the correlation between dental arch and articular eminence morphology: a cone beam computed tomography study

“…To detect statistical correlations between measurements of the AE and those of DAs with regard to the different shapes of the DAs, Pearson's correlation coefficients (r) were calculated, with r = 0 to 0.1 meaning trivial correlation; r = 0.1 to 0.3 meaning small correlation; r = 0.3 to 0.5 meaning moderate correlation; r = 0.5 to 0.7 meaning large correlation; r = 0.7 to 0.9 meaning very large correlation; r = 0.9 to 1.0 meaning almost perfect correlation; and r = 1.0 meaning perfect correlation. 33 To assess the influence of DA morphologic features on the morphology of the AE and the mandibular fossa, simple and multivariate linear regression models were performed. This analysis measures how each DA variable (independent variables) influenced the AE variables (dependent variables), that is, whether directly (i.e., as one increases the other also increases) or inversely (i.e., as one increases the other decreases, and vice versa).…”