Intercalation and Exfoliation of Kaolinite with Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate

Abstract

Kaolinite (Kaol) was intercalated with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and subsequently methanol (MeOH) to prepare intercalation compounds Kaol-DMSO and Kaol-MeOH. Kaol-MeOH was used as an intermediate to synthesize Kaol-sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) intercalation compound (Kaol-SDS) via displacement reaction. The ultrasonic exfoliation of Kaol-SDS produced a resultant Kaol-SDS-U. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal analysis, scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and particle size analysis. The results revealed that the intercalation of sodium dodecyl sulfate into kaolinite layers caused an obvious increase of the basal spacing from 0.72-4.21 nm. The dehydroxylation temperature of Kaol-SDS was obviously lower than that of original kaolinite. During the intercalation process of sodium dodecyl sulfate, a few kaolinite layers were exfoliated and curled up from the edges of the kaolinite sheets. After sonication treatment, the kaolinite layers were further transformed into nanoscrolls, and the exfoliated resultant Kaol-SDS-U possessed a smaller particle size close to nanoscale.

MXenes vs. clays: emerging and traditional 2D layered nanoarchitectonics

“…In fact, 1 : 1 clay minerals can be hardly delaminated by mechanical exfoliation by grinding and assisted sonication. 54…”

“…In fact, 1 : 1 clay minerals can be hardly delaminated by mechanical exfoliation by grinding and assisted sonication. 54 Table 3 compares various physicochemical characteristics of both smectite clay minerals and MXenes. They show many similar aspects, although decisive details related to their inherent properties, such as chemical composition and electronic conductivity, indicate that these two types of 2D material could be considered for similar or complementary applications.…”

Progress and future prospects of hemostatic materials based on nanostructured clay minerals

“…Its chemical composition typically consists of Al 2 O 3 (39.50%), SiO 2 (46.54%) and H 2 O (13.96%). 57,58 Unlike other clay minerals, Kal rarely undergoes isomorphic substitution, resulting in a relatively low specific surface area and fewer interlayer negative charges, and thus Kal presents a weak cation exchange capacity (CEC) and swelling capacity. 59 However, Kal exhibits good plasticity, high adhesion, resistance to acid and alkali, and strong ion adsorption.…”

Role of Impurities in Kaolinite Intercalation and Subsequent Formation of Nanoscrolls

“…Seeking an efficient and mild method to prepare Kaol-Me is not just a challenge in fundamental research but also has practical implications. By using the quasi-stable Kaol-Me as a starting material, the intercalation of Kaol with numerous molecules has been achieved, including alkylamines, , p -nitroaniline, quaternary ammonium salts, ,,, amino silane, sodium dodecyl sulfate, fatty acids and salts, propanediol, butanediols, poly­(vinylpyrrolidone), and nylon-6 . Furthermore, via this method, the basal space of Kaol could be significantly expanded from 0.72 nm to several nanometers.…”