Interassociation Recommendations for Developing a Plan to Recognize and Refer Student-Athletes With Psychological Concerns at the Secondary School Level: A Consensus Statement

Neal, Timothy; Diamond, Alex B.; Goldman, Scott; Liedtka, Karl D.; Mathis, Kembra; Morse, Eric D.; Putukian, Margot; Quandt, Eric; Ritter, Stacey J.; Sullivan, John P.; Welzant, Victor

doi:10.4085/1062-6050-50.3.03

Cited by 64 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…For the behavioral health policy, research was focused on epidemiology of mental health concerns in adolescents 5,6 , recommendations for best practices 3,7 , athletic trainers practice analysis 4 , and what athletic trainers already know about identifying psychosocial concerns. 8 In the research phase, we also chose to reach out to school counselors as a key resource in the development of the policy.…”

Section: Pdsa Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Athletic trainers must have the ability to recognize when a patient is experiencing a social, emotional, or psychological concern. 1,3 In addition to simple recognition, the Role Delineation Study, 4 which guides practicing athletic trainers 4 , states that athletic trainers must understand the steps for intervention which includes emergency management, emergency action planning, and appropriate referrals. Although athletic trainers may currently be familiar with the impact of injury on mental health as it relates to athletic identity and participation, it may be even more important to understand underlying behavioral health conditions and when life events that are related, or unrelated, to athletic participation may trigger a more serious psychological concern.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although athletic trainers may currently be familiar with the impact of injury on mental health as it relates to athletic identity and participation, it may be even more important to understand underlying behavioral health conditions and when life events that are related, or unrelated, to athletic participation may trigger a more serious psychological concern. 3 In the college and university setting, athletic trainers have resources from both the National Athletic Trainers Association (NATA), the National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA), and each individual institution regarding psychological concerns in this population. However, for athletic trainers in the secondary school setting, there may be limited resources.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…4 The first step for athletic trainers is to establish the need for site-specific policies and prioritize the development of these policies based on patient needs. In review of the current policies and procedures manual at the target high school, there was a clear need for several new or updated policies.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Implementing a Behavior Health Policy in the Secondary School

Nikander

Eberman

2018

Clin Pract Athl Train

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Site-specific policies and procedures outlining the available services and emergency action plan (EAP) is vital to any athletic training clinic. The purpose of the following document is to provide athletic trainers with a framework for the development and successful implementation of evidencebased policies and procedures to improve athletic training services at secondary schools. Using a behavioral health policy as an example, the challenges and barriers to the development and implementation of new policies at a secondary school will be discussed. Policy development was largely influenced by each of the individual stakeholders involved in the approval process including school administration, school nurses and counselors, as well as community organizations. As in any setting, challenges to implementation of the behavioral health policy in these schools did occur. Each secondary school or school district will have a different model for medical services that will inherently change the policy at each location. Athletic trainers must know the resources available to them on and offcampus, and develop policies and procedures dependent on these resources. For clinicians in any athletic training setting, it is important to review your current policy and procedure manual to determine where improvements can be made. These documents help ensure patients are being provided the best possible care and help protect athletic trainers legally.

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Section: Pdsa Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Implementing a Behavior Health Policy in the Secondary School

Nikander

Eberman

2018

Clin Pract Athl Train

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“…1,2 In regard to emotional sequelae, the literature has described numerous psychological variables that can affect a concussed patient's recovery, such as anxiety, depression, Attention Deficit Disorder/Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, and social support or lack thereof. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Although there is uncertainty surrounding many preinjury characteristics and their effect on concussion recovery or development of postconcussion symptoms, anxiety as a construct has been linked as a possible factor resulting in lasting symptoms. 1 Subconstructs of anxiety such as state, trait, and anxiety sensitivity have also been found to impact the patient's perception of injury.…”

Section: Clinical Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

Is State Anxiety, Trait Anxiety, or Anxiety Sensitivity a Clinical Predictor of Symptoms in Those Presenting With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury or Concussion?

Hixson¹,

Allen²,

Williams³

et al. 2017

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation

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Clinical Scenario:Mild traumatic brain injury, or concussion, has been associated with physical, cognitive, and emotional sequelae. Little is understood in regard to many characteristics, such as anxiety, and their effect on post-concussion symptoms.Clinical Question:Is state anxiety, trait anxiety, or anxiety sensitivity a clinical predictor of symptoms in those presenting with mild traumatic brain injury or concussion?Summary of Key Findings:A literature search returned 3 possible studies; 3 studies met inclusion criteria and included. One study reported in athletes that greater social support was associated with decreased state-anxiety, lower state anxiety post-concussion was associated with increased social support, and that those with greater social support may experience reduced anxiety, regardless of injury type sustained. One study reported baseline trait anxiety in athletes was not significantly associated with post-concussion state anxiety, but that symptoms of depression at baseline was the strongest predictor for post-concussion state anxiety. Three studies reported that state and trait anxiety are not related to increased post-concussion symptom scores. One study reported that greater anxiety sensitivity is related to higher reported post-concussion symptom scores, which may manifest as somatic symptoms following concussion, and revealed that anxiety sensitivity may be a risk factor symptom development.Clinical Bottom Line:There is low-level to moderate evidence to support that anxiety sensitivity is linked to post-concussion symptoms. State and trait anxiety do not appear to be related to post-concussion symptoms alone. Post-concussion state anxiety may occur if post-concussion symptoms of depression are present or if baseline symptoms of depression are present. Better social support may improve state anxiety post-concussion.Strength of Recommendation:There is grade B evidence to support that state and trait anxiety are not risk factors for post-concussion symptom development. There is grade C evidence to support anxiety sensitivity as a risk factor for developing post-concussion symptoms.

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The young volleyball athlete

Gregory

Diamond

2017

Handbook of Sports Medicine and Science

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Interassociation Recommendations for Developing a Plan to Recognize and Refer Student-Athletes With Psychological Concerns at the Secondary School Level: A Consensus Statement

Cited by 64 publications

References 80 publications

Implementing a Behavior Health Policy in the Secondary School

Implementing a Behavior Health Policy in the Secondary School

Is State Anxiety, Trait Anxiety, or Anxiety Sensitivity a Clinical Predictor of Symptoms in Those Presenting With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury or Concussion?

The young volleyball athlete

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