“…The studies on altered ecosystems focus particularly on the effects on fish (i.e., Freeman et al, ; Armstrong, Kemp, Kennedy, Ladle, & Milner, ; Macnaughton et al, ) and less on macroinvertebrates (Armanini et al, ; Miller, Judson, & Rosenfeld, ). However, in the tropical zones, most of the studies concentrate on the temporal variability of the aquatic communities as a function of the season in the year (Jacobsen & Encalada, ; Mesa, ; Ríos‐Touma et al, ) without considering flood and drought discharge (i.e., hydrological) thresholds and their impact on aquatic communities. Exceptions hereon are the studies in altered rivers of Castro, Hughes, and Callisto (), Miserendino (), and Herrera and Burneo () that examined the response of macroinvertebrates and Lima et al () and García, Jorde, Habit, Caamaño, and Parra () of fish.…”