Interactive Unawareness

Heifetz, Aviad; Meier, Martin; Schipper, Burkhard C.

doi:10.2139/ssrn.429540

Cited by 113 publications

(247 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Is the owner going to sell to her? For an answer, see Heifetz et al [2006Heifetz et al [ , 2013a. We focus here just on how to model the example with different epistemic approached to unawareness.…”

Section: Proof U (E)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Unawareness—A gentle introduction to both the literature and the special issue

Schipper

2014

Mathematical Social Sciences

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. This article provides a brief survey of the literature on unawareness and introduces the contributions to the special issue on unawareness in Mathematical Social Sciences. First, we provide a brief overview both about epistemic models of unawareness and models of extensive-form games with unawareness. Instead of introducing the approaches in full detail, we illustrate the main differences and similarities with the help of examples. Finally, we discuss the contributions to the special issue on unawareness. Terms of use: Documents in Department of EconomicsOne Abstract This article provides a brief survey of the literature on unawareness and introduces the contributions to the special issue on unawareness in Mathematical Social Sciences. First, we provide a brief overview both about epistemic models of unawareness and models of extensive-form games with unawareness. Instead of introducing the approaches in full detail, we illustrate the main differences and similarities with the help of examples. Finally, we discuss the contributions to the special issue on unawareness.

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Section: Proof U (E)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Unawareness—A gentle introduction to both the literature and the special issue

Schipper

2014

Mathematical Social Sciences

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“…However, if the second agent did not tacitly know summer is hot the first agent still considers it possible that the second agent tacitly knows summer is hot. Although not explicitly stated, tacit knowledge is evident in Heifetz, Meier and Schipper's iterative unawareness [10] which permits a plurality of states of higher awareness for an agent, built upon a set of ground truths, which is the essence of tacit knowledge.…”

Section: Definition 8 (Tacit Semantics) Let M = (S R a V ) Be Givmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heifetz, Meier and Schipper [10] presented a complete framework for describing the interactive knowledge of multiple agents with differing levels of awareness. By interactive knowledge, we mean one agent may know about the knowledge and awareness state of another agent.…”

Section: Related Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While epistemic logic presumes logically omniscient agents [6], practical agents are not able to hold all relevant facts on their mind at once, and do not have the computational resources to instantly make all valid inferences from their knowledge base. This has lead to several models of incomplete reasoning applied to human activities (particularly commercial transactions) [13,14,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the Interactions of Awareness and Certainty

Ditmarsch

French

2011

AI 2011: Advances in Artificial Intelligence

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Abstract. We examine the interactions of knowledge and awareness in dynamic epistemic logic. Implicit knowledge describes the things that an agent could infer from what is known, if the agent were aware of the necessary concepts. Reasoning techniques that are robust to incomplete awareness are important when considering interactions of automated agents in complex dynamic environments, such as the semantic web. Here we revisit Hector Levesque's original motivation of implicit knowledge and consider several contemporary realizations of implicit knowledge. We present a framework to compare different interactions of knowledge and awareness in the context of public announcements, and introduce a new formalism for tacit knowledge.

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“…Finally, Section 4 contains the proof of the theorem. 1 The example in Heifetz, Meier, and Schipper (2009) is a probabilistic version of the speculation example in Heifetz, Meier, and Schipper (2006). Unawareness belief structures allow us to state the common prior assumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%