Interactive sketching for the early stages of user interface design

Landay, James A.; Myers, Brad A.

doi:10.1145/223904.223910

Cited by 347 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 103 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Throughout the development process there will be a drift towards increased formality, as the design is committed to and the need for transfer to "outsiders" increases [5]. Systems like SILK [6] and the Cocktail Napkin [7] target this transfer mode. During combination new knowledge is created by linking existing explicit knowledge, so the representations must supports analysis and reasoning.…”

Section: Design Process and Representationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using User Interface Models in Design

Trætteberg

2002

Computer-Aided Design of User Interfaces III

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We introduce a framework for classifying user interface design representations, and argue that multiple representations are must be used in the design process, and that modelling languages must support the transition between them. We present languages for modelling domain, task and dialog and show how they provide increased support for design, through flexibility and integration. Design patterns based on model fragments from these languages are suggested as a design and engineering tool.Keywords: user interface model, task model, dialog model, design pattern INTRODUCTIONWith the standardization of UML and its emergence as a de-facto industrial standard, modelling of systems and software artefacts seems to be accepted in the engineering community. User interface modelling and model-based user interface design has however, not reached the mainstream software developer [1]. Red Whale's MOBILE [2] cover several models but lack integration with software engineering tools, while database-oriented tools like Genera's Genova [3] have a more narrow focus on concrete interaction object selection and layout. It seems that lack of tool support for going from comprehensive visual model diagrams to executable code may be a reason for this difference. But very few UML diagramming tools provide full codegeneration support, yet developers are using these tools to draw UML diagrams, e.g. for communication purposes. The lack of penetration of model-based user interface design methods may instead be due to pragmatic aspects of UI modelling languages, e.g. they are difficult to understand, inflexible and impractical to use and lack the appropriate integration with each other. Although formality in itself is important, it 1. This work is part of a Dr.ing study funded by The Research Council of Norway.may be that the focus should be language usability rather than theory, if the goal is reaching the mainstream. A uniform user interface modeling language must integrate sub-languages for domain, task and dialog modelling, be unconstraining and flexible, i.e. provide support for expressing design ideas, suggestions and decisions throughout the design process.In this paper we will first introduce a framework for classifying design representation. The framework provides a means for understanding how they are utilized in the design process, which in turn has implications for language design and usage. We then briefly present modelling languages for tasks and dialogs and discuss how our understanding affected their design. We then turn to how design knowledge can be represented in the same languages in the form of model-based user interface design patterns. Finally, we suggest how these modelling languages may be integrated with UML, to provide better integration with contemporary methods. DESIGN PROCESS AND REPRESENTATIONSTo better understand how design representations are used and the role they play, we use a model of organizational knowledge creation as a starting point [4]. According to this theory, there must during product deve...

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Section: Design Process and Representationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using User Interface Models in Design

Trætteberg

2002

Computer-Aided Design of User Interfaces III

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“…However, most research-based tools have focused on supporting one specific fidelity, most notably low-fidelity sketching [17,18], which has largely been ignored at the commercial level. One of the most promising tools is DENIM [18], which supports lowand medium-fidelity prototyping of website design.…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Perhaps one of the biggest drawbacks of paper is the lack of interaction that can be explored since humans have to mock up the interactivity [17].…”

Section: Paper Versus Computermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As well, using a computer may allow for relationships between a prototype, its components, and annotations to be more easily maintained. Having prototypes on computer provides for easier storage and retrieval of prototypes, which also helps in documenting the design process and in electronic distribution to stakeholders in remote locations [17] [34]. Furthermore, using a computer for prototyping facilitates interactivity, giving users an experience that feels much closer to that of the final product.…”

Section: Paper Versus Computermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there are several limitations in using these types of tools that hinder the design process. In attempts to overcome some of these limitations, researchers in the academic community have been investigating informal prototyping tools such as SILK [17], DENIM [18], and Freeform [26]. While useful, these tools are not without drawbacks.…”

Section: User Interface Prototyping Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Mixed-Fidelity Prototyping of User Interfaces

Petrie

Schneider

Interactive Systems. Design, Specification, and Verification

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This research presents a new technique for user interface prototyping, called mixedfidelity prototyping. Mixed-fidelity prototyping combines low-, medium-, and highfidelity interface elements within a single prototype in a lightweight manner, supporting independent refinement of individual elements. The approach allows designers to investigate alternate designs, including more innovative designs, and elicit feedback from stakeholders without having to commit too early in the process. As well, the approach encourages collaboration among a diverse group of stakeholders throughout the design process. For example, individuals who specialize in specific fidelities, such as high-fidelity components, are able to become involved earlier on in the process.We developed a conceptual model called the Region Model and implemented a proof-of-concept system called ProtoMixer. We demonstrated the mixed-fidelity approach by using ProtoMixer to design an example application.ProtoMixer has several benefits over other existing prototyping tools. With ProtoMixer, prototypes can be composed of multiple fidelities, and elements are easily refined and transitioned between different fidelities. Individual elements can be tied into data and functionality, and can be executed inside prototypes. As well, traditional informal practices such as sketching and storyboarding are supported. Furthermore, ProtoMixer is designed for collaborative use on a high-resolution, large display workspace.ii

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User Interface Management Systems

Myers

1999

Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

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The sections in this article are Definitions Importance of User‐Interface Tools Overview of User‐Interface Software Tools Windowing Systems Toolkits Virtual Toolkits Higher‐Level Tools Technology Transfer Evaluating User‐Interface Tools Research Issues Conclusion Acknowledgment

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Interactive sketching for the early stages of user interface design

Cited by 347 publications

References 103 publications

Using User Interface Models in Design

Using User Interface Models in Design

Mixed-Fidelity Prototyping of User Interfaces

User Interface Management Systems

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