Interactive Effects of Water and Fertilizer on Yield, Soil Water and Nitrate Dynamics of Young Apple Tree in Semiarid Region of Northwest China

Zhou, Hanmi; Niu, Xiaoli; Yan, Hui; Zhao, Na; Zhang, Fucang; Wu, Lifeng; Yin, Dongxue; Kjelgren, Roger

doi:10.3390/agronomy9070360

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Studies concluded that drip irrigation with irrigation quota less than 300 mm can obtain higher WUE but the low crop yield, while excessive drip irrigation has no obvious effect on increasing yield (Liu et al 2011a). In this study, compared with T1 treatment, the WUE and NUE for T2 treatment were significantly improved, but the yield only decreased by 1.21%, which was similar to the research of Zhou et al (2019), who found that the soil moisture lower limit of 65%-75% FC result in the yield decreased by 7.5% while the IWUE increased by 11.2% when compared with the soil moisture lower limit of 75%-85% FC.…”

Section: Crop Growth Yield Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiency With Soi...supporting

confidence: 89%

Soil salt distribution and cotton growth under mulched drip irrigation with soil moisture regulation in southern Xinjiang,China

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Aims Water deficiency together with soil salinization have been seriously restricting the sustainable agricultural in southern Xinjiang, China for a long time. Optimal soil moisture regulation contributes to the amelioration of soil water and salinity for crops, which is favorable for plants production. Methods The field experiment with five soil water lower limit levels (85% FC (T1), 75% FC (T2), 65% FC (T3), 55% FC (T4) and 45% FC (T5), where FC is the field capacity) was conducted in southern Xinjiang to investigate the responses of soil water-salt dynamics and the cotton performance to soil moisture regulation strategies. Results The results indicated that the humid perimeter of soil water and leaching range of soil salt increased with the decrease of soil moisture lower limit. Though more soil salt was leached out for T5 treatment at flowering stage, soil salinity increased again at boll setting stage owing to the long irrigation interval. Soil salt accumulated in 0-100 cm after cotton harvest, and the accumulation amount followed T3 > T5 > T1 > T2 > T4. Moreover, with the decline of soil moisture lower limit, both the plant height and nitrogen uptake decreased significantly, while the shoot root ratio increased. Compared with the yield (7233.2 kg·hm-2) and water use efficiency (WUE, 1.27 kg·hm-2) of T1 treatment, the yield for T2 treatment only decreased by 1.21%, while the WUE increased by 10.24%. Conclusion The soil moisture lower limit of 75% FC was recommended for cotton cultivation in southern Xinjiang, China.

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Section: Crop Growth Yield Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiency With Soi...supporting

confidence: 89%

Soil salt distribution and cotton growth under mulched drip irrigation with soil moisture regulation in southern Xinjiang,China

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Some agronomic indicators, including agronomic efficiency (AE) and partial factor productivity (PFP), were often used to describe fertilizer use efficiency [24,25]. There have been numerous studies on nutrient use efficiency [26][27][28][29]. The agronomic efficiency of fertilizer N, P, and K (AE-N, AE-P and AE-K) were the yield increase per unit of fertilizer N, P, and K applied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agronomic Responses of Major Fruit Crops to Fertilization in China: A Meta-Analysis

Yang

Wang

et al. 2019

Agronomy

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With increasing application of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) fertilizers, especially in China’s fruit crops, the agronomic responses of fruit crops to fertilization may be reduced with time. Thus, the quantification of these responses would be useful for establishing nutrient recommendation and fertilizer management for fruit crops. Here, a meta-analysis including 552 paired data for agronomic response and 1283 sets for amounts of optimal fertilization from 293 field studies in China were performed to systemically quantify these variations of yield response (YR), relative yield (RY), agronomic efficiency (AE), and partial factor productivity (PFP) in response to the application of N, P, or K fertilizer under different groups including fruit crop types, time, and regions. The results showed that the average YRs to N, P or K fertilizer were 7.6, 5.2, or 5.9 t ha−1, indicating related RYs of 78.0%, 82.9%, or 82.4%, respectively. All of the RYs for N, P, or K application in studies after 2000 were higher and less variable than those before 2000. Higher RYs were also shown for deciduous fruit trees when compared with evergreen fruit trees. The average AEs of N, P, and K fertilizer in China’s fruit crops were 29.1, 32.4 and 20.2 kg kg−1, all of them were negatively correlated with fertilizer rate. Due to a higher yield response and less fertilizer rate, annual crops (mainly watermelon and melons) had significantly higher AE than that of perennial crops. The average PFPs of N, P, and K fertilizer in China’s fruit crops were 129, 205, and 113 kg kg−1, all of which showed a declining trend with time. These findings demonstrated that the building-up of soil indigenous nutrient supply (indicated by RY) together with improving fruit varieties, as well as pest management and other forms of management could make external fertilization less important for increasing the yield of fruit crops in China. A rational nutrient management is therefore crucial for balancing yield and environmental concerns in countries like China, India, and other countries where fertilizers are often overused.

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“…Low irrigation was not conducive to effectiveness of fertilizers, and WUE was at its minimum [7]. Zhou et al found that for mature apples, controlling soil moisture to 65%-75% of field capacity and nitrogen application to 20 g/tree was the best combination of water and fertilizer conservation [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water–Nitrogen Coupling and Multi-Objective Optimization of Cotton under Mulched Drip Irrigation in Arid Northwest China

Liu

et al. 2019

Agronomy

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Cotton is the most important cash crop in Xinjiang but low utilization rate of water and fertilizer is restricting healthy development of this industry. At present, there is a lack of water and nitrogen management optimization methods based on multi-objectives of cotton water use efficiency (WUE), nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), yield, and income. A continuous field experiment was conducted during 2017–2018 to study the effects of water–nitrogen coupling on cotton growth, WUE, NUE, nitrogen partial factor productivity, yield, quality, and economic benefits under drip irrigation in northern Xinjiang. Using multiple regression and spatial analyses, the water and nitrogen management strategy for multi-objective optimization was determined. Three irrigation levels were used—low (I1), medium (I2), and full (I3)—Representing 75%, 87.5%, and 100% of cotton water demand, respectively. The three nitrogen application levels were low (N1, 210 kg/ha), medium (N2, 280 kg/ha), and high (N3, 350 kg/ha), representing 75%, 100%, and 125% of the local nitrogen application, respectively. Among all treatments, the leaf area index, boll weight, dry matter quantity and yield reached respective maxima of 4.43 m2/m2, 4.73 g, 16,623 kg/ha, and 6333 kg/ha for the I3N2 treatment. Cotton fiber quality was the best for I3 irrigation, but too little or too much nitrogen reduced fiber quality. The economic benefit under I3 irrigation was 1.93–4.81 times that for I1. For a single optimization objective, WUE reached a maximum of 1.78 kg/ha·mm for irrigation of 415.80 mm and nitrogen application of 295.71 kg/ha; corresponding single maxima follow: NUE of 37.65% for 418.27 mm and 278.57 kg/ha; yield of 6416.42 kg/ha for 470.12 mm and 304.29 kg/ha; and economic benefit of 15,338.55 RMB/ha for 470.12 mm and 307.14 kg/ha. Multiple regression and spatial analysis showed that for irrigation of 430.71–440.12 mm and nitrogen application of 270.95–318.45 kg/ha, the WUE, NUE, yield, and economic benefits of cotton simultaneously exceeded 90% of their maxima, which was an efficient and reasonable water and nitrogen management mode in this location. The results provide a scientific basis for effective integrated management of water and fertilizer in drip irrigation cotton fields in northern Xinjiang.

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Interactive Effects of Water and Fertilizer on Yield, Soil Water and Nitrate Dynamics of Young Apple Tree in Semiarid Region of Northwest China

Cited by 17 publications

References 37 publications

Soil salt distribution and cotton growth under mulched drip irrigation with soil moisture regulation in southern Xinjiang,China

Soil salt distribution and cotton growth under mulched drip irrigation with soil moisture regulation in southern Xinjiang,China

Agronomic Responses of Major Fruit Crops to Fertilization in China: A Meta-Analysis

Water–Nitrogen Coupling and Multi-Objective Optimization of Cotton under Mulched Drip Irrigation in Arid Northwest China

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