Interactive effects of protein and energy intake on nutrient partitioning and growth in Nile tilapia

Konnert, G D P; Martin, E; Gerrits, W.J.J.; Gussekloo, Sander W. S.; Masagounder, Karthik; Mas-Muñoz, J.; Schrama, J.W.

doi:10.1016/j.animal.2022.100494

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The decrease of PER with increasing dietary protein level have also been reported by different authors for different tilapia species [44,45]. This was mainly because more dietary protein is used as energy when high protein Diets are fed to fish [30,40]. The highest cumulative protein intake was recorded in the fry fed on on Diet1, having a value of 8.75 ± 1.43, this was followed by Diet 2 with the value of 7.40 ± 1.34.…”

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confidence: 55%

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Valuation of Nutrient Utilization, Protein Requirement and Proximate Assessment of an Ecotype Tilapine ‘Wesafu’ Fingerlings Reared in Earthen Pond

Amosu

2022

OFOAJ

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This study was conducted to evaluate the nutrient utilization, protein requirement and proximate analysis of Wesafu from fry to fingerlings in an earthen pond. The experimental fish were monitored for comparative analysis and growth performance using commercial feed (Coppens® 0.2mm) and wheat flour in formulating feed with 30%, 35%, 40% and 45% crude protein levels. Fry were fed thrice daily at 8am, 12 pm and 4pm with 5% body weight for 8 weeks. Samples of experimental diet and fingerlings were analyzed for proximate composition while growth performance and nutrient utilization of diet were evaluated using growth indices such as Weight Gain (WG), Percentage Weight Gain (%WG), Specific Growth Rate (SGR), Food Conversion Ratio (FCR), Gross Feed Conversion Efficiency (GFCE), Protein Intake (PI), Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER). The results revealed that the highest cumulative weight gain (10.58 ± 0.12) was recorded in fry fed 45% crude protein diet while the lowest (6.58 ± 0.21) was observed in the 30% crude protein diet .There were no significant differences (p>0.05) in specific growth rate, food intake, food conversion ratio, gross food conversion efficiency and protein efficiency ratio while there were significant differences (DNMRT; ANOVA; df = (n-1); p < 0.05) in weight gain, protein intake. This study indicated that a diet containing 45% crude protein appear to be suitable for rearing Wesafu fry to fingerlings in earthen ponds.

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supporting

confidence: 55%

“…The energy needs of the fish can be met by less expensive lipid and carbohydrate sources. The protein requirement of tilapia was estimated to be from 25% to 45% of diet [26,[29][30][31][32][33][34]. Under natural condition, Tilapia is predominantly an herbivore and a detritus feeder.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valuation of Nutrient Utilization, Protein Requirement and Proximate Assessment of an Ecotype Tilapine ‘Wesafu’ Fingerlings Reared in Earthen Pond

Amosu

2022

OFOAJ

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“…Glutamine metabolism is an important way for alkali-tolerant fish to adapt to alkaline environments because ammonia and glutamate can be catalyzed into nontoxic glutamine by gs, which excrete ammonia efficiently [41]. Besides, the product of protein catabolism is ammonia, and fish fed more protein usually have higher plasma ammonia content, which leads to fish fed high-protein diets having higher gene expression of gs to excrete more ammonia from their bodies [42][43][44]. Specifically, high plasma ammonia contents could suppress the growth of fish [45], which may be why tilapia fed the high-protein diet in alkaline water had the worst growth performance in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing Dietary Protein Content by Increasing Carbohydrates Is More Beneficial to the Growth, Antioxidative Capacity, Ion Transport, and Ammonia Excretion of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under Long-Term Alkalinity Stress

Liu,

Xu,

et al. 2023

Aquaculture Nutrition

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Alkalinity stress is the main stress experienced by aquatic animals in saline–alkali water, which hinders the aquaculture development and the utilization of water resources. The two-factor (2 × 3) test was adopted to study the influence of dietary protein to carbohydrate ratios on the energy metabolism of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under different alkalinity stress levels. Three diets with different protein-carbohydrate ratios (P27/C35, P35/C25, and P42/C15) were fed to fish cultured in freshwater (FW, 1.3 mmol/L carbonate alkalinity) or alkaline water (AW, 35.7 mmol/L carbonate alkalinity) for 50 days. Ambient alkalinity decreased tilapia growth performance. Although ambient alkalinity caused oxidative stress and enhanced ion transport and ammonia metabolism in tilapia, tilapia fed the P27/C35 diet showed better adaptability than fish fed the other two diets in alkaline water. Further metabolomic analysis showed that tilapia upregulated all the pathways enriched in this study to cope with alkalinity stress. Under alkalinity stress, tilapia fed the P27/C35 diet exhibited enhanced pyruvate metabolism and purine metabolism compared with tilapia fed the P42/C15 diet. This study indicated that ambient alkalinity could significantly decrease growth performance and cause oxidative stress and osmotic regulation. However, reducing dietary protein content by increasing carbohydrates could weaken stress and improve growth performance, ion transport, and ammonia metabolism in tilapia under long-term hyperalkaline exposure.

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“…Feed intake, digestion, and absorption of the digested substances are fundamental in converting available nutritive substances from feed to energy and organic matter for fish survival [59,60]. However, energy resulting from a surplus of protein is considered a vital component for all body cells.…”

Section: Amino Acids Metabolism In Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

An In-Depth Insight into the Profile, Mechanisms, Functions, and Transfer of Essential Amino Acids from Mulberry Leaves to Silkworm Bombyx mori L. Pupae and Fish

Hăbeanu,

Gheorghe,

Dinita

et al. 2024

Insects

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The silkworm Bombyx mori, the second most varied group of insects, is a fascinating insect that belongs to the Lepidoptera species. We aimed to deepen our knowledge about the composition and significance of amino acids (AA) from the sericulture chain to fish. AAs are the most prevalent molecules throughout the growth process of silkworms. We described AAs classification, occurrence, metabolism, and functions. Online datasets revealed that the essential AAs (EAA) level in fish meal and silkworm pupae (SWP) is comparable. SWP have a high content of methionine and lysine, which are the principal limiting AAs in fish diets, indicating that SWP have nutritional potential to be added to fish diets. Additionally, an overview of the data analyzed displays that SWP have a higher protein efficiency ratio than fish meal, the classical protein-rich source (>1.19 times), and compared to soybean meal, the second-most preferred source of protein in aquaculture (>2.08 times), indicating that SWP can be considered effective for animal feeding. In this study, we provide an overview of the current knowledge concerning AAs, paying special emphasis to EAAs and explaining, to some extent, certain mechanisms and functions of these compounds, from mulberry leaves to larvae–pupae and fish diets.

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Interactive effects of protein and energy intake on nutrient partitioning and growth in Nile tilapia

Cited by 8 publications

References 69 publications

Valuation of Nutrient Utilization, Protein Requirement and Proximate Assessment of an Ecotype Tilapine ‘Wesafu’ Fingerlings Reared in Earthen Pond

Valuation of Nutrient Utilization, Protein Requirement and Proximate Assessment of an Ecotype Tilapine ‘Wesafu’ Fingerlings Reared in Earthen Pond

Reducing Dietary Protein Content by Increasing Carbohydrates Is More Beneficial to the Growth, Antioxidative Capacity, Ion Transport, and Ammonia Excretion of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under Long-Term Alkalinity Stress

An In-Depth Insight into the Profile, Mechanisms, Functions, and Transfer of Essential Amino Acids from Mulberry Leaves to Silkworm Bombyx mori L. Pupae and Fish

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