Interactive effects of dietary protein level and oil source on proximate composition and fatty acid composition in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

The combined effects of salinity and temperature on the proximate composition and energetic value of spotted rose snapper Lutjanus guttatus (Steindachner, 1869)

“…The increasing lipid content and decreasing protein content in the muscle tissue is a relationship found by the authors in a previous study of L. guttatus and carp (Ljubojević et al, 2015). The lipid content of a fish is an indicator of the surplus energy available for future maintenance, growth, and reproduction (Tocher, 2003).…”

“…It has been found that body composition changes with temperature, size, age, diet, ration size and the stage of development ( Van-Ham et al, 2003;Ljubojević et al, 2015;Mozsár et al, 2015). The percentages of protein (17.0-22.7%), lipid (4.0-6.7%), ash (0.9-1.9%), water (71.4-75.4%) and energy content (2.37-2.62 kJ g -1 ) in this study are within the ranges recorded for snappers (Abbas et al, 2005(Abbas et al, , 2015Abbas & Siddiqui, 2009).…”

Comparative study of the nutritional composition of wild versus farmed yellowtail (Seriola lalandi)

“…Such factors have resulted in large inter-study and inter-species variation in fish nutritional composition. Cyprinus carpio fed a low protein diet had increased fat and muscle moisture contents (Ljubojević et al, 2015) while C. carpio had higher levels of protein, lipid and ash when fed an extruded feed compared to a maize based diet (Trbović et al, 2013). In addition, Mohammad and Khalil (2013) observed that water temperature had positive and negative relationships on protein and fat contents of Mesopotamichthys sharpeyi muscle, respectively, whilst water temperature fluctuations can additionally affect the metabolic demand for body fat stores (Ibarz et al, 2005).…”

“…No significant difference (p N 0.05) between male and female yellowtail was apparent in the current study (preliminary analysis of farmed fish) and it is therefore unlikely to have contributed to the inter-group difference observed. Although details on diet information of the farmed and wild yellowtail were not available it is suggested that both groups (wild and farmed) had a dissimilar diet which likely contributed to the inter-group variation in the fatty acid composition as has been observed in other studies (Ljubojević et al, 2015;Trbović et al, 2013). In addition, the temperature difference between locations at the time of sampling (one-two degree Celsius) may also have affected the composition of the two groups.…”

Dietary effect of varying linseed oil compositions on growth response, survival and polyunsaturated fatty acid levels in Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

“…Recent studies have reported the existence of a correlation between the nutritional value of fish and the dietary composition of feeds (Župan et al, 2016;Ljubojević et al, 2015;Ljubojević et al, 2013). Fish oils (FO) are regarded as good lipid sources of aqua-feed formulations (National Research Council, NRC, 2011), however, the global fish oil production has reached a plateau and is not expected to raise much beyond the current level of production (Ng, 2002).…”