Interactive effects of arsenate, selenium, and dietary protein on survival, growth, and physiology in mallard ducklings

Hoffman, David J.; Sanderson, Caroline J.; LeCaptain, Leonard J.; Cromartie, Eugene; Pendleton, Grey W.

doi:10.1007/bf00213302

Cited by 42 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In controlled studies on captive mallards, As caused reduced growth rates in ducklings and eggshell thinning, but did not affect survival of young or hatching success of eggs [31]. Although As was detectable in many of the blood and egg samples, rank concentrations of As did not vary between any of the comparison groups.…”

Section: Arsenicmentioning

confidence: 98%

Concentrations of trace elements in eggs and blood of spectacled and common eiders on the Yukon‐Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, USA

Grand

Franson

Flint

et al. 2002

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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We examined the relations among nesting success, egg viability, and blood and egg concentrations of As, Cd, Pb, Hg, and Se in a threatened population of spectacled eiders (Somateria fischeri) and a sympatric population of common eiders (S. mollissima) on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, USA, during 1995 and 1996. During the early breeding season, males and females had mean Se concentrations in their blood of 19.2 microg/g and 12.8 microg/g wet weight, respectively. Blood Se concentrations of females were correlated with egg concentrations. During brood rearing, blood Se levels were higher in adult females than in ducklings. Blood concentrations of Pb in spectacled eider females were higher than in common eider females captured at hatching, but blood concentrations of Se were similar. Trace element concentrations were not related to nest success or egg viability. We submit that nest success and egg viability of spectacled eiders are not related to concentrations of the trace elements we measured. Because blood Se concentrations declined rapidly through the breeding season and were not related to nest success or egg viability, we suggest that spectacled eiders are exposed to high concentrations of Se during winter that pose little threat to this population.

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Section: Arsenicmentioning

confidence: 98%

Concentrations of trace elements in eggs and blood of spectacled and common eiders on the Yukon‐Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, USA

Grand

Franson

Flint

et al. 2002

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…Dashed regression line, not significant at nests with eggs\0.80 lg THg/g), and especially in 2001 when almost all nests were abandoned by adults shortly after egg laying. Similarly,Hoffman et al (1992) reported more severe toxicological effects when dietary protein was diminished in a laboratory study with mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) ducklings.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Mercury and drought along the lower Carson River, Nevada: II. Snowy egret and black-crowned night-heron reproduction on Lahontan Reservoir, 1997–2006

2007

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Mercury concentrations in the floodplain of the Carson River Basin in northwestern Nevada are some of the highest ever reported in a natural system. Thus, a portion of the basin including Lahontan Reservoir was placed on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Natural Priorities List for research and cleanup. Preliminary studies indicated that reproduction in piscivorous birds may be at risk. Therefore, a 10-year study (1997--2006) was conducted to evaluate reproduction of snowy egrets (Egretta thula) and black-crowned night-herons (Nycticorax nycticorax) nesting on Gull Island in Lahontan Reservoir. Special attention was given to the annual flow of the Carson River, the resultant fluctuation of this irrigation reservoir, and the annual exposure of snowy egrets and night-herons to methylmercury (MeHg). The dynamic character of the river due to flooding and drought (drought effect) influenced snowy egret and night-heron reproduction more so than did MeHg contamination of eggs. During an extended drought (2000--2004) in the middle of the study, snowy egret nests containing eggs with concentrations of MeHg (measured as total mercury [THg] approximately 100% MeHg) > or =0.80 microg THg/g, ww, all failed, but in 1997 and 2006 (wet years with general flooding), substantial numbers of young were produced (but fewer than at nests where eggs contained <0.80 microg/g). Thus, a variable reproductive threshold of tolerance to MeHg may be associated with habitat quality (food type and abundance). Clearly, drought was the most important factor affecting snowy egret annual productivity. In contrast to snowy egrets, night-herons generally had fewer nests meeting the 0.80 microg THg/g criterion, and those above the criterion were less sensitive to mercury than were snowy egrets. Furthermore, night-herons appeared more tolerant of drought conditions than snowy egrets because they nested earlier, selected more protected nesting sites, and had a more generalist diet that provided additional food options including terrestrial organisms, which also reduced exposure to MeHg. A putative biological effect threshold of 2.0 microg THg/g in whole blood for young of both species was evaluated, which was frequently exceeded, but with no evidence, while still in the colony, of an association with direct mortality. An evaluation of physiological associations with blood residues and post-fledging survival will be presented in future reports in this series.

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“…broilers, and fish (Vodela et al 1997;Pedlar et al 2002). In addition to changes in food intake/weight gain, emaciation and lacrimation in arsenicexposed Mallard ducklings has been documented (Hoffman et al 1992). Decreases in BW gain/feed intake could be due to gastrointestinal disturbances and renal toxicity from the arsenic (Mashkoor et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunosuppressive effects of arsenic in broiler chicks exposed to Newcastle disease virus

Sattar

Khan

Hussain

et al. 2016

Journal of Immunotoxicology

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To assess the effects of prolonged exposure to arsenic (As, as arsenate) on host immune competence overall and resistance to Newcastle disease (ND) viral infection in particular, a study was carried out in broiler chicks. At 7 days of age, chicks were assigned to groups that would undergo varying vaccination, challenge, and/or As exposures; Group 1 was a control; Group 2 was to receive Newcastle disease virus (NDV) only; two groups (Groups 3, 4) were to be given As daily (50 mg/kg, by gavage) from Days 7-35 of the experiment. All groups underwent normal vaccination on Days 5, 23, and 32 against live NDV (B1 type, LaSota strain); two groups (Groups 2, 4) were challenged with field-isolated NDV at Day 24. At Days 14, 21, 28, and 35 of age, subsets of chicks in each group were evaluated. The results showed feed intake and weight gain were lower in As-treated and NDV-challenged chicks. In As-treated chicks, absolute and relative spleen weights were significantly greater, whereas those of the thymus significantly lower, over the entire 35-day period. Effects on bursa weights (absolute, relative) were only significantly reduced through Day 21. Antibody titers against ND were significantly reduced (vs. control) over the whole 35 days in birds that received As alone, but only significantly depressed through the first 21 days in birds that received As þ NDV; thereafter, titers were significantly greater (in parallel with effects in birds that received NDV alone). In contrast, antibody responses to T-dependent antigen (Sheep red blood cells [SRBC]) were significantly lower in As only-and As þ NDV-treated chicks throughout the study period. Among birds exposed to As (alone or with NDV), in situ phagocytic activity was elevated and cutaneous sensitivity responses decreased during the period from Day 28 to Day 35. NDV alone had spurious effects on phagocytic activity but did cause significant reductions in cutaneous sensitivity responses. It was concluded that arsenic decreased immunity in broiler chicks, thereby making them prone to ND. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Interactive effects of arsenate, selenium, and dietary protein on survival, growth, and physiology in mallard ducklings

Cited by 42 publications

References 40 publications

Concentrations of trace elements in eggs and blood of spectacled and common eiders on the Yukon‐Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, USA

Concentrations of trace elements in eggs and blood of spectacled and common eiders on the Yukon‐Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, USA

Mercury and drought along the lower Carson River, Nevada: II. Snowy egret and black-crowned night-heron reproduction on Lahontan Reservoir, 1997–2006

Immunosuppressive effects of arsenic in broiler chicks exposed to Newcastle disease virus

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