Interactive Effects of Air Pollutants with Abiotic and Biotic Factors on Southern Pine Forests

Johnson, Jon D.; Chappelka, Arthur H.; Hain, Fred P.; Heagle, Allen S.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-0809-9_8

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Предпочтение по лучшему использованию почвенной среды и соответствующему приобретению почвозащитных свойств следует отдавать смешанным насаждениям. Также в литературе есть много данных, подтверждающих большую биологическую устойчивость смешанных культур в сравнении с чистыми и их повышенную стойкость против вредных насекомых, грибков и пожаров [Нестеров, 1950;Третьяков и др., 1952;Johnson et al, 1996].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Approaches to Developing the Mixture Patterns for Managed Forests With Crimean Pine in the Forest-Steppe Zone of European Russia (Voronezh Oblast)

Levin¹,

Levin²

2021

Proceedings of KarRC of RAS

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Approaches to Developing the Mixture Patterns for Managed Forests With Crimean Pine in the Forest-Steppe Zone of European Russia (Voronezh Oblast)

Levin¹,

Levin²

2021

Proceedings of KarRC of RAS

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“…1995), and direct effect of acid rain on forest vegetation seems to be negligible in Japan ( Nouchi 1990). The indirect effects of acid rain, however, could still be important because exposure to low concentrations of acid rain for long periods might have serious impacts on forests synergistically with other biotic and abiotic stress factors ( Huttunen 1984; Worrall 1994; Johnson et al. 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of inoculum density of pinewood nematode on the development of pine wilt disease in Japanese black pine seedlings pretreated with simulated acid rain

Asai

Futai

2005

Forest Pathology

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Six-month-old Japanese black pine seedlings (Pinus thunbergii) were exposed to simulated acid rain (SAR) at pH 3 and 2 three times a week. After treatment for 2 months, the seedlings were inoculated with a virulent isolate (S10) of the pinewood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus), at three inoculum levels (P i ¼ 50, 160 or 500 nematodes per seedling). In seedlings inoculated with 500 nematodes, both population growth of nematodes and disease development were accelerated by pretreatment with SAR at pH 3 or 2. In seedlings inoculated with 50 nematodes, population growth of the nematodes was suppressed and more time was needed for seedlings to die when pretreated with pH 3 SAR. This suggests that exposure to pH 3 SAR increased not only the progress of mortality, but also simultaneously enhanced the tolerance limit of the seedlings to the pinewood nematode -the critical value of physiological burden (represented as a product of time and initial nematode population) necessary to kill a seedling. Exposure to pH 2 SAR accelerated nematode reproduction in seedlings and increased seedling mortality irrespective of the number of nematodes inoculated.

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“…Among them, some investigators focused their attention on the effects of air pollutants on the host/pathogen interaction (HUTTUNEN 1984;WORRALL 1994;COAKLEY 1995;JOHNSON et al 1995). Among them, some investigators focused their attention on the effects of air pollutants on the host/pathogen interaction (HUTTUNEN 1984;WORRALL 1994;COAKLEY 1995;JOHNSON et al 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effects of air pollution on ecosystems, including forest decline, have become a serious problem of global concern, and numerous studies have been carried out on the direct and indirect effects of air pollutants on plants. Among them, some investigators focused their attention on the effects of air pollutants on the host/pathogen interaction (HUTTUNEN 1984;WORRALL 1994;COAKLEY 1995;JOHNSON et al 1995). Only a limited number of studies, however, have been carried out to examine the effects of air pollutants as a promoting agent of pine wilt disease, the essential cause of serious epidemic death of pine trees in Japan (TANAKA 1975;BOLLA and FITZSIMMONS 1988;FUTAI and HARASHIMA 1990;TAKETSUNE 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of long‐term exposure to simulated acid rain on the development of pine wilt disease caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

Asai

Futai

2001

Forest Pathology

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To elucidate the synergetic effects of acid rain on the development of pine wilt disease, we measured the sap¯ow rate in the stems and the chlorophyll content in the needles of 10-year-old Japanese black pine trees, Pinus thunbergii and 12-year-old Japanese red pine trees, Pinus densi¯ora, after exposure to simulated acid rain (SAR, pH 3) or tap water (TW, pH 6.3) as a control. The heat pulse method was used for the estimation of the sap¯ow rate. No apparent difference was found in the sap¯ow rate between the trees exposed to SAR and TW, but the chlorophyll content of needles at the end of the treatment was signi®cantly higher in the trees exposed to SAR than in those exposed to TW. When the pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, the causal agent of pine wilt disease, was inoculated onto the Japanese black pines that had been exposed to SAR repeatedly for 1 year, the period to death was shortened. Japanese red pines that had been exposed to SAR for 2 years, however, did not show any development of symptoms after the nematode inoculation, suggesting that acid rain only affects pine wilt disease slightly, if at all.

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Interactive Effects of Air Pollutants with Abiotic and Biotic Factors on Southern Pine Forests

Cited by 4 publications

References 97 publications

Approaches to Developing the Mixture Patterns for Managed Forests With Crimean Pine in the Forest-Steppe Zone of European Russia (Voronezh Oblast)

Approaches to Developing the Mixture Patterns for Managed Forests With Crimean Pine in the Forest-Steppe Zone of European Russia (Voronezh Oblast)

Effects of inoculum density of pinewood nematode on the development of pine wilt disease in Japanese black pine seedlings pretreated with simulated acid rain

The effects of long‐term exposure to simulated acid rain on the development of pine wilt disease caused by Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

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