Interactive blood-coil simulation in real-time during aneurysm embolization

Abstract

Over the last decade, remarkable progress has been made in the field of endovascular treatment of aneurysms. Technological advances continue to make it possible for a growing number of patients with cerebral aneurysms to be treated with a variety of endovascular strategies, essentially using detachable platinum coils. Yet, coil embolization remains a very complex medical procedure for which careful planning must be combined with advanced technical skills in order to be successful. In this paper, we describe a complete process for patient-specific simulations of coil embolization, from mesh generation with medical datasets to computation of coil-flow bilateral influence. We propose a new method for simulating the complex blood flow patterns that take place within the aneurysm, and for simulating the interaction of coils with this flow. This interaction is twofold, first involving the impact of the flow on the coil during the initial stages of its deployment, and second concerning the decrease of blood velocity within the aneurysm, as a consequence of coil packing. We also propose an approach to achieve real-time computation of coil-flow bilateral influence, necessary for interactive simulation. This in turns allows to dynamically plan coil embolization for two key steps of the procedure: choice and placement of the first coils, and assessment of the number of coils necessary to reduce aneurysmal blood velocity and wall pressure. Finally, we provide the blood flow simulation results on several aneurysms with interesting clinical characteristics both in 2D and 3D, as well as comparisons with a commercial package for validation. The coil embolization procesure is simulated within an aneurysm, and pre-and post-operative status is reported.

A Virtual Coiling Technique for Image-Based Aneurysm Models by Dynamic Path Planning

“…These techniques can be clustered according to how coils are modeled. The first group implicitly represents the coils by adapting the governing equations of fluid flow in the coiled region [14]- [18]. The second group, explicitly represents the coils and solves the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in the fluid domain [19]- [22].…”

Research and Implementation of Simulation Interactive Technology Based on Parameter File with Variable Number of Parameters

“…Learned from the actual simulation applications [1][2][3][6][7][8] , users don't modify all parameters, but only adjust some of them constantly to obtain sets of simulation results, in order to provide more reliable reference information for the development or the optimization of system.…”

Point Cluster Analysis Using a 3D Voronoi Diagram with Applications in Point Cloud Segmentation

“…Interactive visualization of 3D spatial points based on the 3D Voronoi diagram can simulate and explain the processes of some phenomena [34], including blood [19], galaxies [1,3,35], and porous materials [36], among others. We can also present the spatial and temporal analysis of the evolution of spatial 3D particles with the stationary mode.…”

“…The analysis of spatial points has recently been simplified with the development of computer recognition programs and visualization methods that can identify spatial points based on their spatial and temporal characteristics [15][16][17][18][19]. The resulting dataset, which is a set of points distributed in space, is known as a spatial point pattern.…”