Interactive Biology of Auxins and Phenolics in Plant Environment

Abstract

Plant environment is a complex system where coordinated interactive biology involving various metabolite products and other intermediates determines the overall development and growth of plant. Among the phytohormones, auxins play a fundamental role in various signaling pathways involving other hormones and metabolites affecting cell division and differentiation of plant tissues. Likewise, phenolics are the secondary metabolites secreted by plants that play a key role as defense agents during environmental stress conditions. Biosynthesis of auxins and phenolics follows different metabolic pathways, although shikimate pathway is considered as the root for the production of auxins and phenolics following the synthesis of their corresponding precursors. The interactions between these two compounds may have some physiological and biochemical alterations in plant metabolism, thus affecting plant biology. In addition, the role of soil microbiota is also evident to mediate the communicative behavior of both auxins and phenolics. Phenolic compounds may affect auxin transport and play its role in defense signaling of plants. Some representative examples regarding interactive biology of auxins and phenolic compounds under in vitro conditions are also discussed in this chapter.

Comparative metabolomics of root-tips reveals distinct metabolic pathways conferring drought tolerance in contrasting genotypes of rice

“…Trp biosynthesis is considered an important step in both pathways [ 95 ]. Auxin is synthesized from Tryptophan via the shikimic acid pathway [ 96 ]. It has been previously shown that an increase in auxin levels promotes shoot and root development in a mixed nitrogen environment [ 87 ].…”

Polyphenols in Plants: Structure, Biosynthesis, Abiotic Stress Regulation, and Practical Applications (Review)

“…At the same time, an increase in the expression of genes responsible for flavonoid biosynthesis has also been noted. Particularly, in the case of Brassica rapa , a close correlation has been established between the plant resilience to cold stress and the expression of genes encoding dihydroflavonol-4-reductase (BrDFR) and anthocyanidin synthase (BrANS) [ 16 , 102 ]. Furthermore, it has been reported that exposure to lowered temperatures in Malus sieversii leads to an enhanced accumulation of anthocyanins, a phenomenon attributed to the involvement in this regulatory process of the transcription factor MdMYBPA1 [ 65 ].…”

“…The accumulation of PCs in the early stages of plant growth is known well [ 14 ]. The correlation between its formation and the process of photosynthesis [ 15 ], auxin metabolism [ 16 ], and cell protection against various stressors [ 7 , 9 , 17 ] has been proved. The latter characteristic is associated with the antioxidant capacity of PCs, which is determined by their chemical structure [ 7 , 18 ].…”

Bacterial Symbiotic Signaling in Modulating Plant-Rhizobacterial Interactions

“…Plant root morphological alterations depends on auxin concentration. Auxin primarily induces formation of primary and lateral roots under optimum concentrations and adventitious root formation under higher concentrations [64]. Moreover, auxins also initiate the nodulation process in leguminous plants.…”