Interactions with Other Traits: Reproduction and Fertility

Basarab, J. A.; Fitzsimmons, Carolyn; Whisnant, C.S.; Wettemann, R. P.

doi:10.1002/9781118392331.ch9

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…When RFI was adjusted for body fatness (final off-test backfat thickness; RFI fat ) no differences were observed in percentage of −RFI fat and +RFI fat heifers reaching puberty by 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 or 15 months of age nor in the percentage of calves born by day 28 of the calving season (86.5 v . 92.0, P = 0.28; Basarab et al ., 2011 and 2012b). Calving difficulty, age at first calving, calf birth weight, calf pre-weaning ADG, calf actual and 200-day weaning weight and heifer productivity, expressed as kg calf weaned per heifer exposed to breeding, were also similar between −RFI fat and +RFI fat heifers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The relationships of RFI or RFI fat on fertility and productivity in heifers and cows have recently been reviewed by Basarab et al (2012b). Briefly, −RFI and +RFI cows and heifers were similar in culling, pregnancy, calving and weaning rate, calving pattern, calf birth weight, level of dystocia and kilogram of calf weaned per mating opportunity (Arthur et al ., 2005; Basarab et al ., 2007 and 2011), however, −RFI cows calved 5 to 6 days later in the year than +RFI cows suggesting a delay in the onset of first estrus that may have delayed conception during the first breeding season (Arthur et al ., 2005; Basarab et al ., 2007; Shaffer et al ., 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reducing GHG emissions through genetic improvement for feed efficiency: effects on economically important traits and enteric methane production

Basarab

Beauchemin

Baron

et al. 2013

Animal

158

103

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Genetic selection for residual feed intake (RFI) is an indirect approach for reducing enteric methane (CH4) emissions in beef and dairy cattle. RFI is moderately heritable (0.26 to 0.43), moderately repeatable across diets (0.33 to 0.67) and independent of body size and production, and when adjusted for off-test ultrasound backfat thickness (RFIfat) is also independent of body fatness in growing animals. It is highly dependent on accurate measurement of individual animal feed intake. Within-animal repeatability of feed intake is moderate (0.29 to 0.49) with distinctive diurnal patterns associated with cattle type, diet and genotype, necessitating the recording of feed intake for at least 35 days. In addition, direct measurement of enteric CH4 production will likely be more variable and expensive than measuring feed intake and if conducted should be expressed as CH4 production (g/animal per day) adjusted for body size, growth, body composition and dry matter intake (DMI) or as residual CH4 production. A further disadvantage of a direct CH4 phenotype is that the relationships of enteric CH4 production on other economically important traits are largely unknown. Selection for low RFIfat (efficient, −RFIfat) will result in cattle that consume less dry matter (DMI) and have an improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared with high RFIfat cattle (inefficient; +RFIfat). Few antagonistic effects have been reported for the relationships of RFIfat on carcass and meat quality, fertility, cow lifetime productivity and adaptability to stress or extensive grazing conditions. Low RFIfat cattle also produce 15% to 25% less enteric CH4 than +RFIfat cattle, since DMI is positively related to enteric methane (CH4) production. In addition, lower DMI and feeding duration and frequency, and a different rumen bacterial profile that improves rumen fermentation in −RFIfat cattle may favor a 1% to 2% improvement in dry matter and CP digestibility compared with +RFIfat cattle. Rate of genetic change using this approach is expected to improve feed efficiency and reduce enteric CH4 emissions from cattle by 0.75% to 1.0% per year at equal levels of body size, growth and body fatness compared with cattle not selected for RFIfat.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing GHG emissions through genetic improvement for feed efficiency: effects on economically important traits and enteric methane production

Basarab

Beauchemin

Baron

et al. 2013

Animal

158

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Se define la pubertad como el periodo en que un animal se vuelve capaz por primera vez de reproducirse sexualmente. Este período viene marcado por la maduración del sistema endocrino reproductivo y de los órganos sexuales, y por la aparición de características sexuales secundarias (Basarab et al, 2012). En las hembras, se considera el momento en que el animal tiene su primer celo, aunque en ovejas se considera la primera ovulación, ya que esta antecede dos o tres semanas al primer celo (Foster y Jackson, 2006).…”

Section: Relación Entre Eficiencia Alimentaria Y Parámetros Reproductivosunclassified

“…Respecto al efecto de la nutrición, se ha establecido que una ingesta inadecuada de nutrientes, así como un balance energético negativo, dan como resultado una secreción pulsátil inadecuada de la hormona luteinizante (LH) y un crecimiento folicular ovárico reducido (Rasby et al, 1992;Basarab et al, 2012). De esta manera, la nutrición puede afectar todo el eje endocrino reproductivo, incluidos el hipotálamo, la hipófisis anterior y los ovarios (Schillo, 1992).…”

Section: Relación Entre Eficiencia Alimentaria Y Parámetros Reproductivosunclassified

“…En los últimos 50 años, numerosos estudios han investigado la asociación entre el nivel de ingestión, la ganancia diaria de peso y el inicio de la pubertad (Basarab et al, 2012). El principal interés de adelantar la pubertad reside en disminuir el periodo improductivo de los animales de granja destinados a la cría, con el fin de reducir los costes económicos y aumentar la productividad de la explotación (Lawrence y Fowler, 2002;McDonald et al, 2013).…”

Section: Establecimiento De La Pubertadunclassified

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Programación metabólica de la eficiencia alimentaria en corderos: efecto de la restricción de alimento en la etapa de lactancia y mecanismos moleculares implicados = Metabolic programming of lamb feed efficiency: effect of feed restriction during the suckling period and molecular mechanisms involved

Baza¹

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The prospects for world population growth and the increased demand for animal products bring on a future scenario of increased competition for resources between man and livestock, which has led to the search for new production strategies to increase feed efficiency of farm animals. However, increased feed efficiency could compromise other traits such as growth rate, carcass and meat quality, as well as animal health and welfare. Therefore, it is essential to know the molecular factors and mechanisms that determine individual differences in the efficiency of feed resources use, but with a holistic approach that integrates the different objectives that society demands: feed efficiency, animal health and welfare, quality of products and environmental impact.One of the key factors in feed efficiency is the nutrition received by the animal during the early stages of life (pre and postnatal nutrition), since it can cause long-term changes in gene expression in different organs and tissues and, consequently, in the metabolism during the adult stage.Nevertheless, most of the studies carried out on metabolic programming have been raised from a health perspective, evaluating the effect on the incidence of metabolic pathologies during the adult stage. The relation with feed efficiency has been studied hardly, especially in ruminant species. Furthermore, much of the research has focused on the effect of feed restriction during the prenatal period, with few studies on the effect of restriction during the early stages of life (during the suckling period).Metabolic programming offers the possibility of designing early nutritional interventions that allow modulating feed efficiency and animal productivity during later stages of life. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the factors (age, type of restriction, duration of the restriction, etc.) and the molecular mechanisms involved to design effective strategies.For all this reasons, the present studies were raised with the overall objective of studying the effect of a moderated feed restriction during the suckling period on feed efficiency of lambs during postweaning phases (fattening and replacement), as well as the underlaying molecular mechanisms involved in the process.

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Nutritional Modulation of Reproduction in Bulls

Johnson¹

2019

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Interactions with Other Traits: Reproduction and Fertility

Cited by 5 publications

References 128 publications

Reducing GHG emissions through genetic improvement for feed efficiency: effects on economically important traits and enteric methane production

Reducing GHG emissions through genetic improvement for feed efficiency: effects on economically important traits and enteric methane production

Nutritional Modulation of Reproduction in Bulls

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