Interactions of Vibrio phages and their hosts in aquatic environments

Molina-Quiroz, Roberto C.; Silva-Valenzuela, Cecilia A.

doi:10.1016/j.mib.2023.102308

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…The aquatic environments on earth are estimated to host ∼10 52 phages, where they coexist in a dynamic equilibrium with their bacterial hosts. Phages can exist as free viruses (virulent phages) or integrated within bacterial genomes (temperate phages) as prophage (Molina‐Quiroz & Silva‐Valenzuela, 2023 ). Factors like salinity, high temperature, nutrient limitation and in vivo conditions such as the intestinal microenvironment induce the lytic stage by activating the SOS response (Nawel et al., 2022 ).…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public health aspects of Vibrio spp. related to the consumption of seafood in the EU

Koutsoumanis,

Allende,

Alvarez‐Ordóñez

et al. 2024

EFS2

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Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio vulnificus and non‐O1/non‐O139 Vibrio cholerae are the Vibrio spp. of highest relevance for public health in the EU through seafood consumption. Infection with V. parahaemolyticus is associated with the haemolysins thermostable direct haemolysin (TDH) and TDH‐related haemolysin (TRH) and mainly leads to acute gastroenteritis. V. vulnificus infections can lead to sepsis and death in susceptible individuals. V. cholerae non‐O1/non‐O139 can cause mild gastroenteritis or lead to severe infections, including sepsis, in susceptible individuals. The pooled prevalence estimate in seafood is 19.6% (95% CI 13.7–27.4), 6.1% (95% CI 3.0–11.8) and 4.1% (95% CI 2.4–6.9) for V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus and non‐choleragenic V. cholerae, respectively. Approximately one out of five V. parahaemolyticus‐positive samples contain pathogenic strains. A large spectrum of antimicrobial resistances, some of which are intrinsic, has been found in vibrios isolated from seafood or food‐borne infections in Europe. Genes conferring resistance to medically important antimicrobials and associated with mobile genetic elements are increasingly detected in vibrios. Temperature and salinity are the most relevant drivers for Vibrio abundance in the aquatic environment. It is anticipated that the occurrence and levels of the relevant Vibrio spp. in seafood will increase in response to coastal warming and extreme weather events, especially in low‐salinity/brackish waters. While some measures, like high‐pressure processing, irradiation or depuration reduce the levels of Vibrio spp. in seafood, maintaining the cold chain is important to prevent their growth. Available risk assessments addressed V. parahaemolyticus in various types of seafood and V. vulnificus in raw oysters and octopus. A quantitative microbiological risk assessment relevant in an EU context would be V. parahaemolyticus in bivalve molluscs (oysters), evaluating the effect of mitigations, especially in a climate change scenario. Knowledge gaps related to Vibrio spp. in seafood and aquatic environments are identified and future research needs are prioritised.

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Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public health aspects of Vibrio spp. related to the consumption of seafood in the EU

Koutsoumanis,

Allende,

Alvarez‐Ordóñez

et al. 2024

EFS2

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“…Vibrio alginolyticus is a rod-shaped marine bacterium. In the past, numerous bacteriophages have been isolated as potential therapeutic agents from this species as it is an important fish pathogen [ 13 , 14 , 15 ]. V. alginolyticus can biosynthesize at least three quorum-sensing (QS) peptides: acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs) or AI-1, furanosyl borate diester or AI-2, and cholerae autoinducer-1 or CAI-1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perturbation of Quorum Sensing after the Acquisition of Bacteriophage Resistance Could Contribute to Novel Traits in Vibrio alginolyticus

Skliros,

Droubogiannis,

Kalloniati

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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Bacteria employ a wide range of molecular mechanisms to confer resistance to bacteriophages, and these mechanisms are continuously being discovered and characterized. However, there are instances where certain bacterial species, despite lacking these known mechanisms, can still develop bacteriophage resistance through intricate metabolic adaptation strategies, potentially involving mutations in transcriptional regulators or phage receptors. Vibrio species have been particularly useful for studying the orchestrated metabolic responses of Gram-negative marine bacteria in various challenges. In a previous study, we demonstrated that Vibrio alginolyticus downregulates the expression of specific receptors and transporters in its membrane, which may enable the bacterium to evade infection by lytic bacteriophages. In our current study, our objective was to explore how the development of bacteriophage resistance in Vibrio species disrupts the quorum-sensing cascade, subsequently affecting bacterial physiology and metabolic capacity. Using a real-time quantitative PCR (rt-QPCR) platform, we examined the expression pattern of quorum-sensing genes, auto-inducer biosynthesis genes, and cell density regulatory proteins in phage-resistant strains. Our results revealed that bacteriophage-resistant bacteria downregulate the expression of quorum-sensing regulatory proteins, such as LuxM, LuxN, and LuxP. This downregulation attenuates the normal perception of quorum-sensing peptides and subsequently diminishes the expression of cell density regulatory proteins, including LuxU, aphA, and LuxR. These findings align with the diverse phenotypic traits observed in the phage-resistant strains, such as altered biofilm formation, reduced planktonic growth, and reduced virulence. Moreover, the transcriptional depletion of aphA, the master regulator associated with low cell density, was linked to the downregulation of genes related to virulence. This phenomenon appears to be phage-specific, suggesting a finely tuned metabolic adaptation driven by phage–host interaction. These findings contribute to our understanding of the role of Vibrio species in microbial marine ecology and highlight the complex interplay between phage resistance, quorum sensing, and bacterial physiology.

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Bacteriophages potentiate the effect of antibiotics by eradication of persister cells and killing of biofilm-forming cells

Vera-Mansilla

Silva-Valenzuela²,

Sánchez

et al. 2023

Research in Microbiology

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Interactions of Vibrio phages and their hosts in aquatic environments

Cited by 4 publications

References 106 publications

Public health aspects of Vibrio spp. related to the consumption of seafood in the EU

Public health aspects of Vibrio spp. related to the consumption of seafood in the EU

Perturbation of Quorum Sensing after the Acquisition of Bacteriophage Resistance Could Contribute to Novel Traits in Vibrio alginolyticus

Bacteriophages potentiate the effect of antibiotics by eradication of persister cells and killing of biofilm-forming cells

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