Interactions of Electromagnetic Radiation With Bose–einstein Condensates: Manipulating Ultra–cold Atoms With Light

Cattani, Federica; Kim, A. V.; Lisak, M.; Anderson, D.

doi:10.1142/s021797921330003x

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 131 publications

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“…The BEC feedback on the light propagation, i.e., the local field effect (LFE), may lead to the creation of hybrid lightmatter states [4][5][6][7][8][9]. The electric LFE explains asymmetric matter-wave diffraction [4,10] and predicts polaritonic solitons in soft optical lattices [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable giant vortex annuli in microwave-coupled atomic condensates

2016

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Stable self-trapped vortex annuli (VAs) with large values of topological charge S (giant VAs) are not only a subject of fundamental interest, but are also sought for various applications, such as quantum information processing and storage. However, in conventional atomic Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) VAs with S > 1 are unstable. Here, we demonstrate that robust self-trapped fundamental solitons (with S = 0) and bright VAs (with the stability checked up to S = 5), can be created in the free space by means of the local-field effect (the feedback of the BEC on the propagation of electromagnetic waves) in a condensate of two-level atoms coupled by a microwave (MW) field, as well as in a gas of MW-coupled fermions with spin 1/2. The fundamental solitons and VAs remain stable in the presence of an arbitrarily strong repulsive contact interaction (in that case, the solitons are constructed analytically by means of the Thomas-Fermi approximation). Under the action of the attractive contact interaction with strength β, which, by itself, would lead to collapse, the fundamental solitons and VAs exist and are stable, respectively, at β < β max (S) and β < β st (S), with β st (S = 0) = β max (S = 0) and β st (S ≥ 1) < β max (S ≥ 1). Accurate analytical approximations are found for both β st and β max , with β st (S) growing linearly with S. Thus, higher-order VAs are more robust than their lower-order couterparts, on the contrary to what is known in other systems that may support stable self-trapped vortices. Conditions for the experimental realizations of the VAs are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable giant vortex annuli in microwave-coupled atomic condensates

2016

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“…The Gross-Pitaevskii equation -describing a weakly interacting Bose-Einstein condensate, at the limit of zero temperature-is known to possess a mathematical structure similar to the non-linear Schroedinger equation of optics. Such a mathematical equivalence suggests that, while in the non-linear Schroedinger equation the light is the wave propagating in a medium constituted of atoms, on the contrary in the Gross-Pitaevsky equation the atoms play the role of the wave (matter wave) and the light acts as the propagation medium [44]. It is tempting, in this context, to investigate in theory and experiments the effect of "Lego-beams" structures on those condensates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structured Light by Linking Diffraction-Resistant Spatially Shaped Beams

et al. 2018

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In this paper we present a theoretical method, together with its experimental confirmation, to obtain structures of light by connecting diffraction-resistant cylindrical beams of finite lengths and different radii. The resulting "Lego-beams" can assume, on demand, various unprecendent spatial configurations. We also experimentally generate some of them on using a computational holographic technique and a spatial light modulator. Our new, interesting method of linking together various pieces of light can find applications in all fields where structured light beams are needed, in particular such as optical tweezers, e.g. for biological manipulations, optical guiding of atoms, light orbital angular momentum control, holography, lithography, non-linear-optics, interaction of electromagnetic radiation with Bose-Einstein condensates, and so on, besides in general the field of Localized Waves (non-diffracting beams and pulses). [MZR] ( * ) Visiting c/o Decom, Unicamp, by a PVE fellowship of CAPES (Brazil) arXiv:1712.01118v2 [physics.optics] 5 Apr 2018Structured Light [1,2,3, 4,5,6] has been more and more studied, and applied in various sectors, like optical tweezers [7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17], optical guiding of atoms [18,19,20,21,22,23,24], imaging [25], light orbital angular momentum control and applications [26,27,28,29,30,31], and photonics in general.A rather efficient method to model longitudinally the intensity of non-diffracting beams is by the so-called Frozen Waves (FWs) [1,2,3,32,33,34,35,36], obtained from superpositions of co-propagating Bessel beams, endowed with the same frequency and order. The resulting diffraction resistant beam, with a longitudinal intensity shape freely chosen a priori, may then propagate, remaining confined, along the propagation axis z, or over a cylindrical surface (depending on the order of the constituting Bessel beams), while its "spot" size, and the cylindrical surface radius, can be as well chosen a priori. In this way, it is possible to construct, e.g., cylindrical beams whose static envelopes possess non-negligible energy density in finite, well-defined spatial intervals only: so that they can be regarded as segments or cylindrical pieces of light.Aiming also at a greater control on the beam transverse shape, another method was recently proposed [24,26], where different-order FW-type beams are superposed, which possess appreciable intensities along different, but consecutive, space intervals: So that one ends with cylindrical structures of light endowed with different radii and located in different positions along the z axis. This new method resulted efficient, incidentally, also for controlling the orbital angular momentum along the propagation axis [26].Anyway, and interestingly enough, it is possible to join together in the same way even two FW-type beams bearing the same order, by getting again a structure with two different-radius cylinders, each one in its own space interval. To this aim, it is sufficient that each equal-order FW possesses a different value of ...

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“…This exotic state of matter was first created from a laser-cooled atomic vapour by E A Cornell and C E Wieman, both of whom shared the 2001 Nobel prize in Physics with W Ketterle [56]. For a review of the atom-light interaction within a BEC, see [57].…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light propagation through atomic vapours

Siddons¹

2014

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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This tutorial presents the theory necessary to model the propagation of light through an atomic vapour. The history of atom–light interaction theories is reviewed, and examples of resulting applications are provided. A numerical model is developed and results presented. Analytic solutions to the theory are found, based on approximations to the numerical work. These solutions are found to be in excellent agreement with experimental measurements.

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Interactions of Electromagnetic Radiation With Bose–einstein Condensates: Manipulating Ultra–cold Atoms With Light

Cited by 4 publications

References 131 publications

Stable giant vortex annuli in microwave-coupled atomic condensates

Stable giant vortex annuli in microwave-coupled atomic condensates

Structured Light by Linking Diffraction-Resistant Spatially Shaped Beams

Light propagation through atomic vapours

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